Serum Leptin and Bone Turnover Markers in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Lateef, Mehreen; Baig, Mukhtiar; Azhar, Abid

doi:10.5772/54527

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Leptin regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary function and affects the levels of thyroid hormone, growth hormone, cortisol, and steroids, and further regulates bone metabolism [99]. The possible mechanism of leptin in regulating BMD may be through the OPG/RANKL signaling pathway that enhances osteoblasts and inhibits osteoclastogenesis [100]. In contrast, the SLR binds to circulating leptin and suppresses signaling pathways [101].…”

Section: Endocrine Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors associated with low bone mineral density in children with idiopathic scoliosis: a scoping review

Yang

Chen

Huang

et al. 2023

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Background Children with idiopathic scoliosis (IS) have a high risk of osteoporosis and IS with low bone mineral density (BMD) are susceptible to curve progression. This review aims to explore the risk factors of low BMD in children with IS. Methods Studies were retrieved from 5 databases that were published up to January 2022. Search terms are keywords in titles or abstracts, including subject headings related to “Scoliosis”, “Bone Mineral Density”, and “Risk Factors”. Observational studies on risk factors of low BMD in children with IS were enrolled in this review. The number of studies, sample size, outcome measures, research type, endocrine, and lifestyle-related factors, gene/signal pathway, and other contents were extracted for qualitative analysis. Results A total of 56 studies were included in this scoping review. Thirty studies involved genetic factors that may affect BMD, including the Vitamin-D receptor gene, RANK/RANKL signal pathway, the function of mesenchymal stem cells, Runx2, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and miR-145/β-catenin pathway. Eight studies mentioned the influence of endocrine factors on BMD, and the results showed that serum levels of IL-6, leptin and its metabolites, and ghrelin in children with IS were different from the age-matched controls. In addition, there were 18 articles on lifestyle-related factors related to low BMD in children with IS, consisting of physical activity, calcium intake, Vitamin D level, and body composition. Conclusions Genetic, endocrine, and lifestyle-related factors might relate to low BMD and even osteoporosis in IS. To prevent osteoporosis, the effectiveness of regular screening for low BMD risk factors in children with IS needs to be investigated. Additionally, clear risk factors suggest strategies for bone intervention. Future studies should consider the effectiveness of calcium and vitamin D supplements and physical activity in BMD improvement.

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Section: Endocrine Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%