Serum Iron and Ferritin Levels Are Correlated with Complement C3

Wen, Shuang; Sha, Yeqin; Li, Yinling; Rui, Zhilian; Si, Chenhong; Zhou, Yuning; Yan, Fengfeng; Wang, Bi-Cheng; Hu, Jingming; Han, Xu; Shi, Dongyan

doi:10.1007/s12011-020-02379-2

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, very little is known about the influence of iron status/anaemia on these antimicrobial factors. In healthy Asian adults, serum iron and ferritin levels were found to correlate with complement C3 and C4 levels 104 , which conflicts with findings from an older study on 20 children which found no effect of iron deficiency on complement C3 levels 105 . Since complement is an important bactericidal mediator, more definitive studies are needed to understand how its function is influenced by an individual’s anaemia and iron status.…”

Section: Iron Is Required For Anti-bacterial Immune Responsescontrasting

confidence: 81%

“…Interestingly, iron deficiency has been associated with reduced serum IFN-γ, IL-6, and TNF-α in animal and human studies 108 , 114 , 116 , but these findings are not universally observed 117 . Contrary to cell model studies 104 , a cross-sectional study reported increased proportions of lymphocytes producing IFN-γ, TNF-alpha and IL-6 in participants with iron deficiency 117 . These differences may be due to variations in study set-ups, severities of iron deficiency/ anaemia among the subjects, age, concomitant infections and/or underlying nutritional status.…”

Section: Iron Is Required For Anti-bacterial Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 60%

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Severe anaemia, iron deficiency, and susceptibility to invasive bacterial infections

Abuga¹,

Nairz²,

MacLennan³

et al. 2023

Wellcome Open Res

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Severe anaemia and invasive bacterial infections remain important causes of hospitalization and death among young African children. The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance demand better understanding of bacteraemia risk factors to inform prevention strategies. Epidemiological studies have reported an association between severe anaemia and bacteraemia. In this review, we explore evidence that severe anaemia is associated with increased risk of invasive bacterial infections in young children. We describe mechanisms of iron dysregulation in severe anaemia that might contribute to increased risk and pathogenesis of invasive bacteria, recent advances in knowledge of how iron deficiency and severe anaemia impair immune responses to bacterial infections and vaccines, and the gaps in our understanding of mechanisms underlying severe anaemia, iron deficiency, and the risk of invasive bacterial infections.

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Section: Iron Is Required For Anti-bacterial Immune Responsescontrasting

confidence: 81%

Section: Iron Is Required For Anti-bacterial Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 60%

Severe anaemia, iron deficiency, and susceptibility to invasive bacterial infections

Abuga¹,

Nairz²,

MacLennan³

et al. 2023

Wellcome Open Res

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“…The reason that this correlation occurred in the MPO-positive subgroup, while the association of serum C3 levels and serum UA missed statistical significance, remains speculative. In healthy individuals, it was shown that serum C3 levels and ferritin levels feature a positive correlation [32]. In dialysis patients, application of IV iron resulted in elevated levels of MPO, and relative increase in MPO levels correlated with markers of complement activation assessed by sC5b-9 [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Serum Uric Acid Associates with Systemic Complement C3 Activation in Severe ANCA-Associated Renal Vasculitides

Baier,

Kluge,

Hakroush

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Involvement of the complement system is key to the pathogenesis of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated renal vasculitis, but immunometabolic implications, especially on serum uric acid (UA) levels, still need to be elucidated. A total of 34 patients with biopsy-proven ANCA-associated renal vasculitis between 2015 and 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. Serum UA levels were correlated with clinical and histopathological characteristics, separated for critically ill (CI, n = 19), myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA (n = 21) and proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA (n = 13) subgroups. We here identified inverse correlations of serum UA levels and complement C3 levels in the total cohort (p = 0.005) and the CI subgroup (p < 0.001). Intrarenal complement C4d deposition in venules correlated with serum UA levels in the total cohort (p = 0.007) and in the CI subgroup (p = 0.016). Significant associations of serum UA levels and tubulitis in areas of scarred cortex (t-IFTA) were identified in the total cohort (p = 0.008), and both subgroups of CI (p = 0.034) and MPO-ANCA (p = 0.029). In PR3-ANCA, interstitial fibrosis (ci) was observed as the strongest association with serum UA levels (p = 0.022). Our observations broaden our current understanding of contributory metabolic factors that influence the initial disease course in ANCA-associated renal vasculitis.

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“…In general, FGMD increased classical, lectin complement and the alternative complement pathway activity in control and anemic animals either with normal or iron overload, while anemia decreased the lectin and alternative activity because, as previously mentioned, FGMD improves iron homeostasis, 16 which is critically important in the normal function of the immune system. 45…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermented goat's milk modulates immune response during iron deficiency anemia recovery

et al. 2021

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BACKGROUND: Iron deficiency and iron overload can affect the normal functioning of the innate and adaptive immune responses. Fermented milk products may enhance immune functions, but little is known about the effect of fermented milks on modulation of the immune response during iron deficiency anemia and recovery with normal or high dietary iron intake. Eighty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to a control group fed a standard diet or to an anemic group fed a diet deficit in iron. Control and anemic groups were fed for 30 days with diets based on a fermented goat's or cow's milk product, with normal iron content or iron overload. RESULTS: In general, during anemia recovery lectin and alternative complement pathway activity and lactoferrin decreased, because it improves iron homeostasis, which is critically important in immune system functions. Fermented goat's milk diet enhanced immune function during iron deficiency recovery, suppressed oxidant-induced eotaxin and fractalkine expression due to the concurrent reduction of free radical production and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and decreased monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and monocyte migration and adhesion. The increase in interferon-γ can confer immunological colonization of gut microbiota and downregulate inflammation.CONCLUSION: Fermented goat's milk consumption enhances immune function, modifying complement pathway activity and decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as lactoferrin concentration, due to the improvement of iron homeostasis, which is critically important in the normal function of the immune system.

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Serum Iron and Ferritin Levels Are Correlated with Complement C3

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Severe anaemia, iron deficiency, and susceptibility to invasive bacterial infections

Severe anaemia, iron deficiency, and susceptibility to invasive bacterial infections

Serum Uric Acid Associates with Systemic Complement C3 Activation in Severe ANCA-Associated Renal Vasculitides

Fermented goat's milk modulates immune response during iron deficiency anemia recovery

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