Serum irisin level, insulin resistance, and lipid profiles in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: a case-control study

Abstract

Background Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of terminal follicular acroinfundibulum. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate serum irisin, plasma glucose, insulin, and lipid levels in hidradenitis suppurativa, and elucidate possible associations with disease activity, inflammatory, or metabolic parameters. Methods This case-control study included 37 patients (M/F: 9/28) and 37 sex-, age- and body mass index -matched healthy controls (M/F: 11/26). Demographic data, Hurley stage of disease, fasting glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hematologic parameters, and serum irisin were assessed. Results The hidradenitis suppurativa group had significantly higher waist circumference than controls ( p < 0.001). Insulin resistance, defined as a homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance value greater than 2.5, was observed in 45.9% of patients and 8.1% of controls ( p = 0.003), whereas metabolic syndrome was observed in 32.4% of patients and 5.4% of controls ( p < 0.001). Furthermore, plasma triglycerids, glucose, and insulin levels were significantly higher in the hidradenitis suppurativa ( p = 0.013, p = 0.001, and p = 0.004), respectively. Mean irisin level was insignificantly higher in the hidradenitis suppurativa group (37.4 ± 32.6) than in controls (26.2 ± 24.7, p = 0.217). Study limitation Physical activity and the exercise levels of participants were not documented. Conclusion This study indicates that hidradenitis suppurativa patients have higher serum irisin, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, and triglycerides levels than healthy controls. Thus, the authors suggest that hidradenitis suppurativa patients should be evaluated for insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, and monitored accordingly.

Post-treatment With Irisin Attenuates Acute Kidney Injury in Sepsis Mice Through Anti-Ferroptosis via the SIRT1/Nrf2 Pathway

“…Irisin is a new member of exercise-induced metabolic hormone discovered in 2012, which contributes to inducing the browning of white adipocytes, improving energy metabolism, and glucose utilization ( Boström et al, 2012 ). Therefore, irisin may become an attractive pharmacological target for metabolic diseases ( So and Leung, 2016 ; Askari et al, 2018 ; Yano et al, 2020 ; Özkur et al, 2020 ). Recently, the antioxidative effect of irisin has attracted substantial attention.…”

“…Irisin promotes the white adipose tissues to become brown adipose tissue and helps to mediate lipid and glucose homeostasis ( Yano et al, 2020 ). Previous studies have proved that irisin exerts antioxidative and anti-inflammatory actions in metabolic disorders ( So and Leung, 2016 ; Özkur et al, 2020 ). Further studies indicated that irisin reduced ROS generation, preserved mitochondrial function, and exerted organ protection in the I/R-triggered heart, kidney, and liver injury ( Wang et al, 2018 ; Bi et al, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2021 ).…”

Metabolic syndrome and hidradenitis suppurativa: epidemiological, molecular, and therapeutic aspects

“…Population‐based studies have identified an increased odds of MetS in individuals with HS 7,8 . Furthermore, an increased risk of the individual components of MetS, namely diabetes mellitus, 9–11 obesity, and hyperlipidemia, 7,8,12–14 has been described in HS that increases the risk of other significant complications including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) 15,16 . Conversely, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperlipidemia have conflicting associations with HS when adjustment for confounding factors such as body mass index (BMI) and smoking are made 14 .…”

“…Conversely, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperlipidemia have conflicting associations with HS when adjustment for confounding factors such as body mass index (BMI) and smoking are made 14 . The increased risk of MetS varies between hospital‐based and population‐based studies 8,13,14 with hospital‐based HS cohorts demonstrating a stronger association with MetS than population‐based studies. This may be explained by the differential severity of disease between the two populations.…”

A newly identified myokine: irisin, and its relationship with chronic spontaneous urticaria and inflammation

“…In another study, patients with severe psoriasis exhibited lower irisin levels than a control group, suggesting that irisin may play a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and may be a potential marker showing the severity of psoriasis [ 12 ]. Statistically insignificant high irisin levels have also been detected in hidradenitis suppurativa, another dermatological disease associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance [ 13 ]. Behçet’s disease is a vasculitic condition characterized by inflammation.…”