Serum interleukin-6 levels in colorectal cancer patients—a summary of published results

Knüpfer, Heike; Preiss, R

doi:10.1007/s00384-009-0818-8

Cited by 262 publications

(213 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The serum IL-6 level has been shown to have a prognostic value for hepatocarcinoma patients (Jang et al 2012). In addition, a previous study has demonstrated that an increased serum IL-6 level is associated with an advanced stage of disease and a poor prognosis for colorectal cancer patients (Knupfer and Preiss 2010). Moreover, an increased serum level of IL-6 protein is associated with poor physical performance and muscle strength in older individuals (Cesari et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal Cancer Progression Is Associated with Accumulation of Th17 Lymphocytes in Tumor Tissues and Increased Serum Levels of Interleukin-6

Yan

Han

et al. 2014

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Colorectal cancer is a significant worldwide health problem, and an altered immunoresponse plays an important role in colorectal tumorigenesis and cancer progression. T helper 17 (Th17) lymphocytes (a subgroup of CD4 + T cells), together with the related cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17A, participate in cancer-related immunity. In this study, we measured the percentage of Th17 cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the levels of IL-17A and IL-6 in serum samples or tumor tissues, prepared from 40 colorectal cancer patients (a median age of 75 years), 32 age-matched healthy controls (a median age of 74 years), and 30 young healthy controls (a median age of 26 years). The percentage of Th17 cells in PBMCs and the serum IL-6 levels were higher in cancer patients than those in elderly controls, and they were associated with tumor progression. Moreover, the percentage of Th17 cells and the serum IL-6 levels were higher in elderly healthy controls than those in young healthy controls. In contrast, serum IL-17A levels were similar in the cancer patients and the elderly controls, although its serum levels were higher than those in young controls. Importantly, Th17 cells were accumulated in the intratumor and peritumor regions. In conclusion, the percentage of Th17 cells and the serum IL-6 level are significantly increased with aging, and their higher levels are correlated with colorectal cancer progression. The percentage of Th17 cells in PBMCs and the serum IL-6 level are potential biomarkers for predicting disease progression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal Cancer Progression Is Associated with Accumulation of Th17 Lymphocytes in Tumor Tissues and Increased Serum Levels of Interleukin-6

Yan

Han

et al. 2014

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…Therefore, improving the immune status of cancer patients is required for effective cancer immunotherapies. Prospective and retrospective studies have shown that serum IL-6 levels are related to tumor stage and size, metastasis, survival of colon cancer patients [19], chemotherapy efficacy for advanced pancreatic cancer [20], advanced stage and metastasis-related morbidity of breast cancer [21], and the efficacy of personalized peptide vaccination for advanced biliary tract cancer [22]. Results from these studies suggest that IL-6 levels in cancer are not simply useful as promising prognostic biomarkers, but are also related to tumorigenesis and anti-tumor immune responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IL-6 down-regulates HLA class II expression and IL-12 production of human dendritic cells to impair activation of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells

Ohno

Kitamura

Takahashi

et al. 2016

Cancer Immunol Immunother

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Immunosuppression in tumor microenvironments critically affects the success of cancer immunotherapy. Here, we focused on the role of interleukin (IL)-6/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3) signaling cascade in immune regulation by human dendritic cells (DCs). IL-6-conditioned monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) impaired the presenting ability of cancer-related antigens. Interferon (IFN)-γ production attenuated by CD4+ T cells co-cultured with IL-6-conditioned MoDCs corresponded with decreased DC IL-12p70 production. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR and CD86 expression was significantly reduced in CD11b+CD11c+ cells obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy donors by IL-6 treatment and was STAT3 dependent. Arginase-1 (ARG1), lysosomal protease, cathepsin L (CTSL), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) were involved in the reduction of surface HLA-DR expression. Gene expressions of ARG1, CTSL, COX2, and IL6 were higher in tumor-infiltrating CD11b+CD11c+ cells compared with PBMCs isolated from colorectal cancer patients. Expression of surface HLA-DR and CD86 on CD11b+CD11c+ cells was down-regulated, and T cell-stimulating ability was attenuated compared with PBMCs, suggesting that an immunosuppressive phenotype might be induced by IL-6, ARG1, CTSL, and COX2 in tumor sites of colorectal cancer patients. There was a relationship between HLA-DR expression levels in tumor tissues and the size of CD4+ T and CD8+ T cell compartments. Our findings indicate that IL-6 causes a dysfunction in human DCs that activates cancer antigen-specific Th cells, suggesting that blocking the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway might be a promising strategy to improve cancer immunotherapy

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“…In the review by Wouters et al many other markers were shown to be also elevated during COPD exacerbations [18]. The data from the literature show similarly significant changes of the level of markers investigated by us in neoplasm [19] and diabetes [20]. It was also important to include only patients with a similar stage of PAD and to investigate them in a comparable stage of the disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Systemic inflammation in peripheral arterial disease with or without coexistent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: analysis of selected markers

Woźniak¹,

Śleszycka²,

Safianowska³

et al. 2012

aoms

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Serum interleukin-6 levels in colorectal cancer patients—a summary of published results

Abstract: Therefore, circulating IL-6 might be prognostic indicator in colorectal cancer.

Cited by 262 publications

References 29 publications

Colorectal Cancer Progression Is Associated with Accumulation of Th17 Lymphocytes in Tumor Tissues and Increased Serum Levels of Interleukin-6

Colorectal Cancer Progression Is Associated with Accumulation of Th17 Lymphocytes in Tumor Tissues and Increased Serum Levels of Interleukin-6

IL-6 down-regulates HLA class II expression and IL-12 production of human dendritic cells to impair activation of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells

Systemic inflammation in peripheral arterial disease with or without coexistent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: analysis of selected markers

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