Search citation statements
Paper Sections
Citation Types
Year Published
Publication Types
Relationship
Authors
Journals
Interleukin‐41 (IL‐41) is a newly discovered cytokine, named Cometin, Subfatin, meteorin‐like transcription (Metrnl), and so forth. It is widely expressed in animals and can exert its biological roles through autocrine and paracrine forms. It has functions such as anti‐inflammatory, improving body metabolism, regulating immunity, regulating fat metabolism and participates in the process of autoimmune disease or inflammatory injury. It plays an important role in psoriasis, diabetes, Crohn's disease (CD), osteoarthritis, Kawasaki disease (KD), Graves' disease, autoimmune hepatitis, infertility, obesity, sepsis, cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases. This paper reviews the biological functions of IL‐41, the relationship between IL‐41 and diseases, the effects of IL‐41 in the cytokine network and the possible signalling pathways. In order to explore the same target or the same drug for the treatment of different diseases from the perspective of homotherapy for heteropathy, cytokine strategies based on IL‐41 have been put forward for the precise treatment of immune diseases and inflammatory diseases. It is worth noting that IL‐41 related preparations for lung protection and smoking cessation are interesting research fields.
Interleukin‐41 (IL‐41) is a newly discovered cytokine, named Cometin, Subfatin, meteorin‐like transcription (Metrnl), and so forth. It is widely expressed in animals and can exert its biological roles through autocrine and paracrine forms. It has functions such as anti‐inflammatory, improving body metabolism, regulating immunity, regulating fat metabolism and participates in the process of autoimmune disease or inflammatory injury. It plays an important role in psoriasis, diabetes, Crohn's disease (CD), osteoarthritis, Kawasaki disease (KD), Graves' disease, autoimmune hepatitis, infertility, obesity, sepsis, cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases. This paper reviews the biological functions of IL‐41, the relationship between IL‐41 and diseases, the effects of IL‐41 in the cytokine network and the possible signalling pathways. In order to explore the same target or the same drug for the treatment of different diseases from the perspective of homotherapy for heteropathy, cytokine strategies based on IL‐41 have been put forward for the precise treatment of immune diseases and inflammatory diseases. It is worth noting that IL‐41 related preparations for lung protection and smoking cessation are interesting research fields.
Background: Earlier studies have established that culturing human ovarian tissue in a 3D system with a small amount of soluble Matrigel (a basement membrane protein) for 7 days in vitro increased gene fusion and alternative splicing events, cellular functions, and potentially impacted gene expression. However, this method was not suitable for in vitro culture of human testicular tissue. Objective: To test a new method for long-time in vitro culture of testicular fragments, thawed with two different regimes, with evaluation of transcriptomic differences by RNA sequencing. Methods: Testicular tissue samples were collected, cryopreserved (frozen and thawed), and evaluated immediately after thawing and following one week of in vitro culture. Before in vitro culture, tissue fragments were encapsulated in fibrin. Four experimental groups were formed. Group 1: tissue quickly thawed (in boiling water at 100 °C) and immediately evaluated. Group 2: tissue quickly thawed (in boiling water at 100 °C) and evaluated after one week of in vitro culture. Group 3: tissue slowly thawed (by a physiological temperature 37 °C) and immediately evaluated. Group 4: tissue slowly thawed (by a physiological temperature 37 °C) and evaluated after one week of in vitro culture. Results: There are the fewest differentially expressed genes in the comparison between Group 2 and Group 4. In this comparison, significantly up-regulated genes included C4B_2, LOC107987373, and GJA4, while significantly down-regulated genes included SULT1A4, FBLN2, and CCN2. Differential genes in cells of Group 2 were mainly enriched in KEGG: regulation of actin cytoskeleton, lysosome, proteoglycans in cancer, TGF-beta signaling pathway, focal adhesion, and endocytosis. These Group 2- genes were mainly enriched in GO: spermatogenesis, cilium movement, collagen fibril organization, cell differentiation, meiotic cell cycle, and flagellated spermatozoa motility. Conclusions: Encapsulation of testicular tissue in fibrin and long-time in vitro culture with constant stirring in a large volume of culture medium can reduce the impact of thawing methods on cryopreserved testicular tissue.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.