Serum Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Adenovirus Respiratory Infection

Sun, Jianguo; Xiao, Yingfeng; Zhang, Mingyue; Ai, Ting; Lang, Shan; Wang, Jianxin

doi:10.12659/msm.910692

Cited by 31 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Apart from phagocytosing and killing the pathogens, macrophages also secrete chemokines to recruit cells to the sites of infection. Yoon et al found that adenovirus type 7 produced a more robust IL-6 and IL-8 response than adenovirus 3 in human bronchial epithelial cells [1, 30]. Diaz et al compared cytokine responses between type 7 and type 3, and documented significantly higher production of interferon-γ from type 7 [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human adenovirus type 7 infection causes a more severe disease than type 3

Tang

et al. 2019

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundHuman adenovirus type 3 (HAdV-3) and 7 (HAdV-7) cause significant morbidity and develop severe complications and long-term pulmonary sequelae in children. However, epidemiologic reports have suggested that nearly all highly severe or fatal adenoviral diseases in children are associated with HAdV-7 rather than HAdV-3. Here, we conduct in-depth investigations to confirm and extend these findings through a comprehensive series of assays in vitro and in vivo as well as clinical correlates.MethodsA total of 8248 nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) samples were collected from hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections in Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2009 to May 2015. Among 289 samples that tested positive for HAdVs, clinical data of 258 cases of HAdV-3 (127) and HAdV-7 (131) infections were analyzed. All HAdV-positive samples were classified by sequencing the hexon and fiber genes, and compared with clinical data and virological assays. We also performed in vitro assays of virus quantification, viral growth kinetics, competitive fitness, cytotoxicity and C3a assay of the two strains. Mouse adenovirus model was used to evaluate acute inflammatory responses.ResultsClinical characteristics revealed that HAdV-7 infection caused more severe pneumonia, toxic encephalopathy, respiratory failure, longer mean hospitalization, significantly lower white blood cell (WBC) and platelet counts, compared to those of HAdV-3. In cell culture, HAdV-7 replicated at a higher level than HAdV-3, and viral fitness showed significant differences as well. HAdV-7 also exhibited higher C3a production and cytotoxic effects, and HAdV-7-infected mice showed aggravated pathology and higher pulmonary virus loads, compared to HAdV-3-infected mice. Macrophages in BALF remained markedly high during infection, with concomitant increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and IL-6), compared HAdV-3 infection.ConclusionsThese results document that HAdV-7 replicates more robustly than HAdV-3, and promotes an exacerbated cytokine response, causing a more severe airway inflammation. The findings merit further mechanistic studies that offer the pediatricians an informed decision to proceed with early diagnosis and treatment of HAdV-7 infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human adenovirus is well-recognized as an important pathogen of respiratory tract infection in childhood [1–3]. More than 70 HAdV serotypes are further subdivided into seven species (A-G) [4, 5]; however, species B (HAdV-3,7,11 and 14), C (HAdV-1,2,5 and 6), and E (HAdV-4) are the ones most associated with respiratory infections [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human adenovirus type 7 infection causes a more severe disease than type 3

Tang

et al. 2019

BMC Infect Dis

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“…Human adenovirus (HAdV) is considered as an important causative agent of acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) in children [1,2], and accounts for at least 5 to 10% of pediatric ARTI [3]. HAdV is a nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Mastadenovirus genus (Adenoviridae family).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and clinical characterization of human adenovirus associated with acute respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children

Zhao

Guo

Qiu

et al. 2020

Journal of Clinical Virology

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A B S T R A C TBackground: Human adenovirus (HAdV) is a common pathogen in children that can cause acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI), but the molecular epidemiological and clinical information relating to HAdV among hospitalized children with ARTI are few reported in China. Objectives: To evaluate the epidemiological, clinical, and molecular characteristics of HAdV infections among hospitalized children with ARTI in Hebei, Northern China from June 2017 to May 2018. Study design: A 12-month longitudinal, retrospective study on HAdV, typed by nested polymerase chain reaction targeting the hexon gene's hypervariable region (typing was merely performed by sequencing of the hexon neutralization epitope and thus genotypes could not be identified unequivocally), associated with ARTI was performed. The epidemiological and clinical data of different types of HAdV were analyzed using statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) 21.0 software. Results: HAdV was detected in 330 (3.71%) of the 8906 specimens, with most (88.48%, 292/330) HAdV-positives cases detected among children < 3 years old. HAdV were detected throughout the year with a higher prevalence in spring. 11 types were identified, with HAdV-2 (33.33%, 110/330) as the predominant type, followed by HAdV-3 (21.21%, 70/330) and HAdV-7 (13.94%, 46/330). Of the 330 HAdV-positive specimens, 247 (74.85%) were co-detected with other respiratory pathogens, most commonly rhinovirus (HRV) (58.7%, 145/ 247). Additionally, patients with HAdV-7 positive had longer duration of fever than HAdV-2 or -3 positive patients. Conclusions: During the study period, HAdV-2, HAdV-3 and HAdV-7 were the predominant types identified from children with ARTI in Hebei Province. Pediatric patients with HAdV-7 positive may not present more severe clinical outcome except a longer duration of fever.

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“…Bronchiolitis obliteration is the result of the centripetal narrowing of the wall brosis and the collapse of the small airway after in ammation. Cytokines are major factors in the establishment and maintenance of brosis, and IL-6, as one of the cytokines, is associated with the severity of adenovirus infection (12) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bronchiolitis obliterans after severe adenovirus pneumonia:a review of 46 cases

Lan¹,

Yu²,

Lin³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background:This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of bronchiolitis obliterans caused by severe adenovirus pneumonia. Methods: The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University in January, 2019 was collected The clinical data of 229 children with severe adenovirus pneumonia from January to January 2020 were divided into obliterative bronchiolitis group (BO group) and non obstructive bronchiolitis group (non BO group) according to the follow-up clinical manifestations and imaging data. The clinical data, laboratory examination and imaging data of the children were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Among 229 children with severe adenovirus pneumonia, 46 cases were in BO group. The number of days of hospitalization, oxygen consumption time, LDH, IL-6, AST, D-dimer and hypoxemia in BO group were significantly higher than those in non BO group; The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that there were significant differences in the blood routine neutrophil ratio, platelet level, Oxygen supply time, hospitalization days, AST level, whether there was hypoxemia, timing of using hormone, more than two bacterial feelings were found in the two groups, levels of LDH, albumin and Scope of lung imaging (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The related risk factors of BO caused by severe adenovirus pneumonia were long hospitalization days and oxygen consumption time, elevated platelet levels, AST and LDH levels in laboratory tests, and more than two kinds of bacterial infections, double lung involvement, and hypoxemia. Early use of glucocorticoid had a significant effect on reducing the formation of BO.

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Serum Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Adenovirus Respiratory Infection

Cited by 31 publications

References 20 publications

Human adenovirus type 7 infection causes a more severe disease than type 3

Human adenovirus type 7 infection causes a more severe disease than type 3

Molecular and clinical characterization of human adenovirus associated with acute respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children

Bronchiolitis obliterans after severe adenovirus pneumonia:a review of 46 cases

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