Serum IGF‐I and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 as potential markers of doping with human GH

Kicman, Andrew T.; Miell, John; Teale, J D; Powrie, Jake; Wood, P J; Laidler, Paul; Milligan, Paul; Cowan, David

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1997.2111036.x

Cited by 61 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Such increases may still be relevant from both a therapeutic and sports doping perspective. The increases published here for this small GHB dose are around 15 % of that seen from a 0.15 U/kg subcutaneous dose of somatropin (29). Given that the work of Van Cauter suggests 16 that larger doses will be capable of producing an even greater response, the potential for GHB abuse in sport is noteworthy (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Increases in Serum Growth Hormone Concentrations Associated with GHB Administration

et al. 2016

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The administration of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) has been reported to augment the increase in growth hormone (GH) secretion associated with the onset of sleep. The ability of GHB to stimulate GH production in the absence of sleep in both male and female volunteers was investigated as part of a GHB administration study.Twelve healthy volunteers (6 men and 6 women) were given a small oral dose (25 mg/kg) of GHB (as Xyrem®) at 10:00 h. Basal blood samples (as serum) were taken 10 min prior to GHB administration, with additional samples taken at 10,15,20,25,30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, 360 and 480 min post-administration. The serum concentrations of GHB were measured by GC-MS and GH by immunometric assay.Following GHB administration, volunteers exhibited effects consistent with mild sedation, i.e. relaxed with normal responses to verbal stimuli. Despite none being asleep, an increase in serum GH concentration occurred in 11 out of the 12 volunteers (5 women and 6 men). In these volunteers, peak GH concentrations occurred 45 -60 min post-administration compared to a mean serum t max for GHB of 23 min (sd = 5.4 min). The absolute increase in GH was similar for the men and women, averaging 3.4 ng/mL and 3.7 ng/mL respectively. The mean intra-individual increase in GH was much greater in males (29 times) compared with females (2 times), as males had (as expected) lower basal GH concentrations (mean = 0.26 ng/mL) compared to females (mean = 5.4 ng/mL). After maximising, the GH C max decreased rapidly (in agreement with GHB concentrations), returning to basal concentrations at around 90 -120 min post-administration. GHB administration at low therapeutic concentrations results in increases in serum GH concentrations in healthy male and female volunteers in the absence of sleep onset.3

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Increases in Serum Growth Hormone Concentrations Associated with GHB Administration

et al. 2016

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“…Du fait de son action trophique, l'utilisation de l'hormone de croissance est hautement soupçonnée chez les athlètes humains (5). En effet, elle est souvent considé-rée comme plus active que les stéroïdes anabolisants.…”

Section: Préparation De L'échantillonunclassified

Le contrôle antidopage des animaux, nouvelles perspectives, nouvelles méthodes

2000

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“…Also rhGH elevates the IGF-I/IGFBP2 ratio and lowers the IGFBP3/IGFBP2 ratio [30,31]. Physical exercise in combination with rhGH administration was observed to enhance the response of the markers, whereas discontinuing rhGH administration inhibits the growth of GH, even in the same training conditions [29].…”

Section: Growth Hormone (Gh)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Doping in Sport: New Developments

Krych¹,

Goździcka-Józefiak²

2008

Human Movement

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Gene doping is defined by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) as "the non-therapeutic use of genes, genetic elements and/or cells that have the capacity to enhance athletic performance." The rapid development of molecular biology has enabled not only treatment of many diseases, but also improvement of athletes' fitness. Gene therapy methods can be used to modify the athlete's body by inserting genes into the target tissue. It is very possible that in near future, many genes will be used in gene doping, e.g. erythropoietin, growth hormone, insulin-like growth hormone and vascular endothelial growth factor. Functional tests conducted by many independent laboratories proved that products of these genes exert a crucial influence on the body's adaptation to exercise. The risk of gene doping is enormous. Gene therapy is currently in the phase of clinical tests so it is impossible to predict what kind of side effects it may produce. Studies on animal models showed that the uncontrolled transgene expression and insertional mutagenesis can even lead to death. At present the detection of gene doping is very difficult for a variety of reasons. The main problem is the identification of the transgene and endogenously produced protein. The only possible detection is the biopsy of the target tissue, where the exogenous genes were inserted.Key words: gene doping, performance enhancement, gene transfer, doping detection DOPING IN SPORT: NEW DEVELOPMENTS1 Recombinant substances are natural compounds present in the human body, which are manufactured synthetically, e.g. growth hormone, erythropoietin and insulin.

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Serum IGF‐I and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 as potential markers of doping with human GH

Abstract: With acute administration of somatropin to healthy men the serum concentration of IGFBP-2 decreases and the ratios of serum IGF-I/ IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3/IGFBP-2 increase. These ratios should be considered in the development of a test for detecting somatropin administration in sport.

Cited by 61 publications

References 25 publications

Increases in Serum Growth Hormone Concentrations Associated with GHB Administration

Increases in Serum Growth Hormone Concentrations Associated with GHB Administration

Le contrôle antidopage des animaux, nouvelles perspectives, nouvelles méthodes

Doping in Sport: New Developments

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