Serum human chorionic gonadotropin is associated with angiogenesis in germ cell testicular tumors

Arrieta, Óscar; Ortega, Rosa M. Michel; Ángeles-Sánchez, Julián; Villarreal‐Garza, Cynthia; Avilés‐Salas, Alejandro; Chanona-Vilchis, José; Aréchaga-Ocampo, Elena; Luévano-González, Arturo; Jiménez, Miguel; Aguilar, José

doi:10.1186/1756-9966-28-120

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a hormone involved in the angiogenic process in normal tissues, such as the placenta (Zygmunt et al. , 2002), but it has been recently found to participate in TGCT neovascularization (Arrieta et al. , 2009).…”

Section: Vascularization Of Spontaneous Tgctsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…as the placenta (Zygmunt et al, 2002), but it has been recently found to participate in TGCT neovascularization (Arrieta et al, 2009). This finding suggests that hCG may represent a promising molecular target in TGCT treatment.…”

Section: Vascularization Of Spontaneous Tgctsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, high expression levels of the angiogenic inhibitor collagen 18 ⁄ endostatin in normal human rete testis and epididymis have been proposed to be an endogenous protection against these malignancies (Tilki et al, 2008). In contrast, neovascularization seems to be tightly related to TGCT growth and metastasis, with some pro-angiogenic factors, such as VEGF and bFGF, being associated with worse prognosis (Bentas et al, 2003;Arrieta et al, 2009). Thus, an anti-angiogenic therapy may be either an alternative treatment for patients with chemo-and radio-resistant TGCTs or a complementary treatment to avoid the spreading of tumour cells.…”

Section: Vascularization Factors As Serum Markers Of Testicular Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vascularization of testicular germ cell tumours: evidence from experimental teratocarcinomas

et al. 2010

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Testicular germ cell tumours (TGCTs) represent about 2% of male malignancies, being the most common cancer among adolescents and young adults. As in most neoplasias, TGCTs show a chaotic vascular architecture, altered blood supply and over-expression of pro-angiogenic factors, aspects closely related to tumour overgrowth and metastasis. Following this trend, our laboratory has analysed the effect of the hypoxic tumour microenvironment on cancer stem cells, particularly the expression of factors related to vascularization, such as matrix metalloproteinases, adhesion molecules, vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) and VEGF receptors. This review also summarizes our present knowledge on vascularization in the normal and neoplastic testis, the potential role of the factors involved in TGCT neovascularization and their importance as possible therapeutic targets.

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Section: Vascularization Of Spontaneous Tgctsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vascularization Of Spontaneous Tgctsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vascularization Factors As Serum Markers Of Testicular Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vascularization of testicular germ cell tumours: evidence from experimental teratocarcinomas

et al. 2010

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“…HCG, especially the beta subunit of HCG, is produced by NGGCTs that consist of pure or mixed embryonal carcinoma or choriocarcinoma. These tumor markers have clear roles in the diagnosis, staging, risk classification, and clinical management of testicular germ cell tumors [13][14][15]. The SIOP CNS-GCT-96 (International Society of Paediatric Oncology Central Nervous System-Germ Cell Tumor-1996) protocol reported AFP [ 1000 ng/ml at diagnosis and/or residual disease after treatment were risk factors for relapse of NGGCTs [16], but the relationship between serum tumor marker concentration and prognosis remains unclear in patients with intracranial germ cell tumor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Logarithmic decrease of serum alpha-fetoprotein or human chorionic gonadotropin in response to chemotherapy can distinguish a subgroup with better prognosis among highly malignant intracranial non-germinomatous germ cell tumors

et al. 2011

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Intracranial non-germinomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCTs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors. Although alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) are considered reliable markers for making diagnosis, the relationship between serum concentration of them and prognosis remains unclear. The present study investigated the decrease of serum tumor markers AFP and HCG as prognostic factors for patients with highly malignant NGGCTs. Eight consecutive patients with AFP > 1000 ng/ml or HCG > 2000 mIU/ml at initial treatments after January 2004 were retrospectively reviewed. Serum AFP or HCG concentration and tumor volume were sequentially measured during the therapeutic period. Six patients were treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of ifosfamide, cisplatin, and etoposide, followed by salvage surgery and/or radiation therapy. A 14-year-old boy with choriocarcinoma and a 2-year-old boy with yolk sac tumor underwent radical resection because of acute hydrocephalus and mass effect on the brain stem, followed by chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Five patients showed complete response and survived at follow-up periods of 9, 26, 41, 63, and 75 months, and the other three showed partial response but subsequent recurrence, finally died. Patients with complete response showed logarithmic decrease of serum AFP to the normal range in response to chemotherapy, but the others did not. Logarithmic decrease and normalization of serum AFP and HCG levels during neoadjuvant chemotherapy can distinguish a subgroup with better prognosis within highly malignant NGGCTs. To determine it, sequential measurement of serum tumor marker level was efficient. Outcomes were still dismal for slow responding patients, but this simple method may indicate more aggressive therapy.

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“…It is worth mentioning that owing to biological similarity to LH, tumor-secreted hCG/β-hCG can cause precocious puberty by stimulating Leydig cells [81,82]. On the other hand, increased concentrations of hCG have been shown to be associated with tumor angiogenesis, which might explain its link to poor prognosis [83].…”

Section: β-Hcgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathobiology of cancer and clinical biochemistry

Barreto¹,

Armstrong²,

Doğan

et al. 2016

J Pediatr Biochem

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Early diagnosis of cancer clearly reduces morbidity and mortality, and a sizable number of cancers could be prevented at the secondary level with appropriate diagnostic tools. In early detection, biochemical analyses are highly supportive of the cytological and/or histopathological assessments. Among children, cancers probably originate from altered signaling pathways attributable to developmental genetic disorders. In adults, generally preventable risk factors, e.g., cigarette smoking, infections, unhealthy lifestyle and obesity, create a state of inflammation and associated oxidative imbalance, which may progress to malignancy. Pathological mechanisms of cancer are associated with abnormal expressions of various endogenous molecules that can be used as tumor biomarkers. Evaluation of such markers in different phases along the disease course plays a crucial role in clinical management and prognosis. Definitely, the current trend of active research on neoplastic mechanisms will help the clinical biochemistry laboratories to provide a better service.

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Serum human chorionic gonadotropin is associated with angiogenesis in germ cell testicular tumors

Cited by 21 publications

References 41 publications

Vascularization of testicular germ cell tumours: evidence from experimental teratocarcinomas

Vascularization of testicular germ cell tumours: evidence from experimental teratocarcinomas

Logarithmic decrease of serum alpha-fetoprotein or human chorionic gonadotropin in response to chemotherapy can distinguish a subgroup with better prognosis among highly malignant intracranial non-germinomatous germ cell tumors

Pathobiology of cancer and clinical biochemistry

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