Serum hepcidin levels in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis

Hepcidin and its Related Hematological Biomarkers of Anemia in Children on Hemodialysis: Role of Carnitine Deficiency

“…Nevertheless, serum ferritin levels were found to be increased in this group. These findings were consistent with previous studies on patients with CKD [14], [18]. Multiple mechanisms are incorporated in the disruption of iron metabolism in advanced kidney diseases [15].…”

“…Moreover, hepcidin levels were positively correlated with hs-CRP and negatively correlated with albumin, which was in agreement with Zaritsky et al [13]. Hepcidin levels are regulated by the erythropoietic activity and iron status [14].…”

“…High ferritin levels found in these HD children might be due to functional iron deficiency or reticuloendothelial blockade [14]. Serum ferritin is a good indicator of iron stores when there is no inflammation.…”

“…Renal anemia is considered a special form of anemia of inflammation [14]. The decrease in both iron uptake from the small intestine and release of iron from macrophages as well as decreased placental iron transport was recorded to be associated with increased hepcidin levels.…”

“…The peptide level declines during HD because it is cleared through the membrane [13]. A rebound of hepcidin concentrations happens within an hour after finishing dialysis due to the high rate of its synthesis [14]. Iron requirements increase during HD because of blood loss from discarded residual blood in the dialysis equipment, from the hemorrhagic effects of anticoagulation, and from the blood needed for the frequent laboratory examinations [15], [16].…”