Serum Hepatic Enzyme Activity and Alcohol Drinking Status in Relation to the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in the General Japanese Population

Uemura, Hirokazu; Katsuura‐Kamano, Sakurako; Yamaguchi, Miwa; Sawachika, Fusakazu; Arisawa, Kokichi

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0095981

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Furthermore, another more important finding of this study was that a statistically significant relationship was observed between serum ALT levels within the normal range and MetS in a level-related manner. These results were in agreement with two Japanese studies [ 35 , 36 ] and a Korean study [ 37 ], which found that risk of MetS increased with elevation in serum ALT level within normal range. Previous studies did not evaluate the association between AST levels within the reference range and MetS, but our results indicated that no statistically significant relationship existed with prevalence of MetS and ALT level within normal range.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Metabolic Syndrome and Serum Liver Enzymes in the General Chinese Population

Chen

Guo

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the general Chinese population. Methods: This study was a multicenter, cross-sectional study which was conducted in rural areas of China from the 2012 to 2013 Northeast China Rural Cardiovascular Health Study (NCRCHS), and 11,573 adults with complete data were included in our final analysis. Elevated ALT and AST levels were defined as >40 U/L. Serum ALT and AST levels within the reference range were divided into quartiles, and their associations with MetS were evaluated by logistic regressions. Results: A total of 7.4% and 3.5% participants had elevated serum ALT and AST levels, respectively. The prevalence of MetS was 37.3% in males and 45.8% in females. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found ALT level elevation, even within the reference range, was independently associated with MetS. The odds ratio (OR) values of MetS in the ALT quartiles 2-4 groups within the reference range were 1.113 (95% CI: 1.019-1.280), 1.375 (95% CI: 1.212-1.560), 1.878 (95% CI: 1.650-2.138) compared with the ALT quartile 1 group, and OR in the elevated ALT group was 3.020 (95% CI: 2.496-3.653). Positive relationship for MetS was also observed in elevated AST group (OR: 1.689, 95% CI: 1.314-2.171), but within the reference range, the AST level was not associated with MetS. Conclusions: Serum ALT level, even within the reference range, was significantly associated with MetS. However, only elevated AST levels above 40 U/L was positively associated with MetS. Within the reference range, we did not find a relationship between AST levels and MetS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Metabolic Syndrome and Serum Liver Enzymes in the General Chinese Population

Chen

Guo

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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“…Using normal ALT level of <40, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 24.1% among overweight or obese children with normal ALT, which was significantly lower than in the high ALT group (50%, p = 0.002) [17]. A similar association was found in adult studies [18]. Low ALT level in individuals with fatty infiltration on ultrasound was associated with lower albumin.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Comparison between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease screening guidelines in children and adolescents

et al. 2019

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Prevalence of suspected NAFLD in overweight and obese children determined by two different NAFLD guidelines.Using the combination of elevated ALT and fatty infiltration on ultrasound (European guidelines) increases the detection rate of suspected NAFLD in at risk children. Highlights • Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease might be missed in at-risk children by relying on ALT values alone. • A significant percentage of obese children with fatty infiltration on ultrasound have low ALT values. • Children with fatty infiltration on ultrasound and low ALT values were less likely to have metabolic syndrome.

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“…Because the public was concerned about the heightened dioxin levels found in Japan, the biomonitoring of dioxins and other chemicals was undertaken to evaluate the exposure and to prevent potentially adverse effects. From 2002 to 2010, the MOEJ conducted ‘the survey on the exposure to dioxins and other chemical compounds (including pesticides and plasticizers) in humans’ (SEDOCCH) [2, 3, 8, 14–20] nationwide (SEDOCCH 2002–2010). The latter aimed to clarify the relationship between the dioxin dietary intake and corresponding body burden and other POPs in the Japanese general population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dioxins levels in human blood after implementation of measures against dioxin exposure in Japan

Muzembo

Iwai-Shimada

Isobe

et al. 2019

Environ Health Prev Med

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BackgroundOver the past few decades, the Japanese Ministry of the Environment has been biomonitoring dioxins in the general Japanese population and, in response to public concerns, has taken measures to reduce dioxin exposure. The objectives of this study were to assess the current dioxin dietary intake and corresponding body burden in the Japanese and compare Japanese dioxin data from 2011 to 2016 and 2002–2010 surveys. We also examined the relationship between blood dioxins and health parameters/clinical biomarkers.MethodsFrom 2011 to 2016, cross-sectional dioxin surveys were conducted on 490 Japanese (242 males and 248 females, aged 49.9 ± 7.6 years) from 15 Japanese prefectures. Blood (n = 490) and food samples (n = 90) were measured for 29 dioxin congeners including polychlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (Co-PCBs) using gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Using the 2006 World Health Organization toxic equivalence factors, the toxic equivalents (TEQs) were calculated. Clinical biomarkers and anthropometric parameters were also measured and information on lifestyle behaviours collected. Data imputations were applied to account for blood dioxins below the detection limit.ResultsThe median (95% confidence interval or CI) blood levels and dioxin dietary intake was respectively 9.4 (8.8–9.9) pg TEQ/g lipid and 0.3 (0.2–0.4) pg TEQ/kg body weight/day. The median blood dioxin level in the 2011–2016 survey was found to have decreased by 41.3% compared to the 2002–2010 surveys. Participants who were older were found to be more likely to have higher dioxin levels. Blood dioxins were also significantly associated with body mass index, triglycerides, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and dihomo-gamma-linoleic acid levels in blood. Furthermore, associations between blood dioxin and dietary dioxin intake were evident in the unadjusted models. However, after adjusting for confounders, blood dioxins were not found to be associated with dietary dioxin intake.ConclusionsBlood dioxin levels declined over the past decade. This study showed that the measures and actions undertaken in Japan have possibly contributed to these reductions in the body burden of dioxins in the Japanese population.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12199-018-0755-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Serum Hepatic Enzyme Activity and Alcohol Drinking Status in Relation to the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in the General Japanese Population

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Metabolic Syndrome and Serum Liver Enzymes in the General Chinese Population

Metabolic Syndrome and Serum Liver Enzymes in the General Chinese Population

Comparison between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease screening guidelines in children and adolescents

Dioxins levels in human blood after implementation of measures against dioxin exposure in Japan

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