Serum ferritin iron in iron overload and liver damage: Correlation to body iron stores and diagnostic relevance

Nielsen, Peter; Günther, Ulrike; Dürken, Matthias; Fischer, Roland; Düllmann, Jochen

doi:10.1067/mlc.2000.106456

Cited by 102 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…While there is evidence that serum ferritin concentration correlates with the degree of parenchymal 216 loading in organs such as the liver, its accuracy can be compounded by factors such as inflammation 217 and the underlying disease process 41 . Determination of liver iron concentration through biopsy is a 218 reliable indicator of total body iron stores in patients with thalassaemia major; however this 219 procedure is invasive 42 .…”

Section: Diagnosing Iron Overload 211mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferritin and iron studies in anaemia and chronic disease

Peng

Uprichard

2016

Ann Clin Biochem

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Anaemia is a condition in which the number of red cells necessary to meet the body's physiological requirements is insufficient. Iron deficiency anaemia and the anaemia of chronic disease are the two most common causes of anaemia worldwide;1 iron homeostasis plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of both diseases. An understanding of how iron studies can be used to distinguish between these diseases is therefore essential not only for diagnosis but also in guiding management. This review will primarily focus on iron deficiency anaemia and anaemia of chronic disease; however, iron overload in anaemia will also be briefly discussed.

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Section: Diagnosing Iron Overload 211mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferritin and iron studies in anaemia and chronic disease

Peng

Uprichard

2016

Ann Clin Biochem

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“…As a result, methods to estimate total body iron stores are quite important. Trends in serum ferritin serve as a reasonable surrogate marker but can yield inappropriate results in the presence of inflammation or ascorbate deficiency (4)(5)(6). Ferritin measurements are also poorly correlated with cardiac iron stores (7,8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Excess Iron in Thalassemia, Sickle Cell Disease and Other Iron Overload Diseases

2008

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Patients with transfusion-dependent anemia develop cardiac and endocrine toxicity from iron overload. Classically, serum ferritin and liver biopsy have been used to monitor patient response to chelation therapy. Recently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has proven effective in detecting and quantifying iron in the heart and liver. Tissue iron is paramagnetic and increases the MRI relaxation rates R2 and R2* in a quantifiable manner. This review outlines the principles and validation of non invasive iron estimation by MRI, as well as discussing some of the technical considerations necessary for accurate measurements. Specifically, the use of R2 or R2* methods, choice of echo times, appropriate model for data fitting, the use of a pixel-wise or region-based measurement, and the choice of field strength are discussed.

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“…In such cases, the proportion of glycosylated serum ferritin is basically unchanged, and the serum ferritin is iron-poor, reflecting the fact that the normal mechanisms of ferritin production remain operative (2,12 ). Serum ferritin can also be greatly increased by damage to ferritin-rich tissues, in which case more of the ferritin is nonglycosylated and contains iron (3,10,13 ). Liver disease is the most frequent cause of increased nonglycosylated ferritin in serum, but damage to other tissues can also cause this change.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Unlike intracellular ferritin, which is nonglycosylated and high in iron, normal serum ferritin is 60 -80% glycosylated and very low in iron, suggesting active secretion rather than nonspecific leakage from cells (2,10 ). Blood concentrations of ferritin increase with inflammation or infection as a result of augmented intracellular synthesis (2,11 ).…”

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confidence: 99%