Serum Electrolytes, Osmolarity and Selected Enzyme Activities of Labeo rohita Juveniles Exposed to Temperature and Salinity Stress: Effect of Dietary l-Tryptophan

Akhtar, M. S.; Pal, A. K.; Sahu, Narottam Prasad; Ciji, Alexander; Gupta, S. K.; Dasgupta, Subrata

doi:10.1007/s40011-013-0284-5

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A similar observation was made by Randall and Perry (1992) due to acute stress in fishes. However, reduction in RBC and haemoglobin has been reported in L. rohita exposed to thermal stress for a longer duration (Akhtar et al, 2012). A significant drop in the leucocyte counts by 21.72% was noticed after thermal shock, which recouped to normal level in 48 h. This is in agreement with the observations of Verma et al (2007) in Cyprinus carpio and Akhtar et al (2012) in L. rohita.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…However, reduction in RBC and haemoglobin has been reported in L. rohita exposed to thermal stress for a longer duration (Akhtar et al, 2012). A significant drop in the leucocyte counts by 21.72% was noticed after thermal shock, which recouped to normal level in 48 h. This is in agreement with the observations of Verma et al (2007) in Cyprinus carpio and Akhtar et al (2012) in L. rohita. Reduction in leucocyte counts might be due to increased apoptosis, slow proliferation or redistribution of leucocytes from peripheral blood cells to lymphoid organs (Espelid et al, 1996).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Ideal water temperature for Indian major carps (Catla catla, L. rohita and Cirrhinus mrigiala) is 28 0 C (Akhtar et al, 2012). However, carps can grow well between the temperature range of 18.3 and 37.8 0 C (Jhingran, 1975).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochemical and haematological responses to thermal stress in Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings

Kumar¹,

Pal²,

Sahu³

et al. 2019

Indian J. Fish.

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An experiment was conducted to understand the effect of thermal shock on stress and recovery in Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings. L. rohita fingerlings were exposed to a temperature of 380C for 2 h and permitted to recuperate afterwards for 48 h. Primary and secondary stress parameters were analysed after 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h of recovery. The activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and acetylcholine esterase reduced significantly (p<0.05). Erythrocytes, haemoglobin, respiratory burst activity and lysozyme levels increased significantly (p<0.05) by 7.31, 23.91, 109.09 and 70.13% after thermal shock, whereas leucocytes, serum protein, albumin and globulin showed a reverse trend. During recovery, biochemical parameters normalised in 48 h. However, immunological variables such as serum total protein, albumin and globulin, and histopathological changes in gill and kidney tissues did not return to normal condition.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

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Biochemical and haematological responses to thermal stress in Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings

Kumar¹,

Pal²,

Sahu³

et al. 2019

Indian J. Fish.

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“…Akhtar et al . (,b) showed that long‐term (60 days) tryptophan supplementation inhibits or suppresses chronic (15 days) thermal and/or salinity stress‐induced decrement in blood white blood cell count and respiratory burst activity; serum total protein, albumin, globulin and lysozyme in L. rohita . Such effects might be due to mitigation of stress response (serum cortisol) and suppression of oxidative stress (SOD and CAT activity).…”

Section: Tryptophan and Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological roles of tryptophan in teleosts: current knowledge and perspectives for future studies

Hoseini

Pérez‐Jiménez

Costas

et al. 2017

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Tryptophan is an essential amino acid with a huge functional versatility, in addition to its participation in protein synthesis. Because of the complexity of its metabolism, and the functional relevance of several of its metabolites, it directly or indirectly participates in a wide array of physiological pathways. This amino acid is a precursor for the synthesis of the neurotransmitter/neuromodulator serotonin (5HT), the hormone melatonin and kynurenine and related compounds such as kynurenic acid, quinolinic acid or niacin. Because of this, it has a key role in the regulation of processes ranging from the neuroendocrine to the immune system in vertebrates. In aquaculture, extensive research has been performed to optimize the levels of tryptophan in the commercial diets for many fish species. Providing adequate levels of this amino acid is critically important for fish growth but also for fish welfare, as tryptophan has been shown to modulate fish behaviour, stress responses, and antioxidant and immune systems. Currently, available data suggest a wide variation in tryptophan requirements of different species ranging 0.3–1.3% of dietary protein level, but recent evidence also shows that fish tryptophan requirements can greatly vary depending on the rearing conditions of the fish. We also review here the participation of tryptophan and related metabolites in different physiological functions that are crucial for fish welfare. The review covers the involvement of tryptophan in 5HT‐ and melatonin‐mediated functions, along with its participation in the regulation of the immune system and its role as an antioxidant and antitoxic agent in fish.

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“…Immunomodulatory effects of Trp have been assessed in several studies; however, the results have been variable and contradictory [reviewed by Hoseini et al (2019b)]. Several studies have shown Trp administration significantly mitigated immunosuppression caused by chronic thermal (Akhtar, Pal, Sahu, & Ciji, 2013b;Akhtar et al, 2013a;Kumar et al, 2018), osmotic (Akhtar et al, 2013b(Akhtar et al, , 2013a and pollution (Ciji, Sahu, Pal, & Akhtar, 2015) stresses in different species. Interestingly, Azeredo et al (2019) found that chronic stress caused by stocking density led to increased need for dietary Trp for elevation in S. senegalensis survival against a pathogen, but such a Trp level deteriorated the fish survival against the pathogen under normal stocking density.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary tryptophan levels and fish stocking density on immunological and antioxidant responses and bactericidal activity againstAeromonas hydrophilain rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2020

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Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was reared under low (LD) and high (HD) stocking densities for 70 days, during which they were fed with diets supplemented with 0, 5 and 10 g tryptophan (Trp) per kg. At the end of the experiment, there were significant interaction effects of the stocking density and Trp levels on plasma Trp, globulin, lysozyme, catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and bactericidal activity and blood leucocyte count. However, there was no difference in plasma complement (ACH50), total immunoglobulin (Ig), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and blood differential leucocyte count. Trp at 5 g per kg diet significantly increased lysozyme and bactericidal activity, and decreased MDA under both the LD and HD conditions. Moreover, it significantly increased plasma CAT and blood leucocyte under the LD and HD conditions respectively. Trp at 10 g per kg diet significantly increased blood leucocyte and plasma bactericidal activity under the LD condition, but significantly decreased plasma globulin and bactericidal activity under the HD condition. In conclusion, the present results showed that the effects of Trp on immune and antioxidant systems depend on Trp levels and stressful conditions. As 5 g Trp per kg diet is beneficial for rainbow trout well‐being under both the LD and HD conditions, higher level of Trp (10 g/kg) is not beneficial and even causes some negative effects under the HD condition.

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Serum Electrolytes, Osmolarity and Selected Enzyme Activities of Labeo rohita Juveniles Exposed to Temperature and Salinity Stress: Effect of Dietary l-Tryptophan

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Biochemical and haematological responses to thermal stress in Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings

Biochemical and haematological responses to thermal stress in Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings

Physiological roles of tryptophan in teleosts: current knowledge and perspectives for future studies

Effects of dietary tryptophan levels and fish stocking density on immunological and antioxidant responses and bactericidal activity againstAeromonas hydrophilain rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

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