Serum Concentrations of Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein as a Biochemical Marker to Differentiate Microbial Etiology in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Lipopolysaccharide binding protein, interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein in acute gastrointestinal infections: value as biomarkers to reduce unnecessary antibiotic therapy

“…In the ROC curves, a cut-off of 14.6 lg/mL for LBP showed the best discriminatory power between bacterial and nonbacterial-caused gastroenteritis. This value is similar to those obtained in patients with community-acquired pneumonia, where a value \14 lg/mL was the most meaningful LBP value to differentiate pneumonia caused by atypical organisms from pneumonia of other etiology [20].…”

Combination of biomarkers for the discrimination between bacterial and viral lower respiratory tract infections

“…5,6 LRTI caused by various classes of microorganisms are characterized by different concentrations of PCT and CRP. 16,23,26,27 However, the high a-priori chance of having a bacterial infection, 28,29 together with the considerable overlap between the biomarkers in the lower range, complicates the exclusion of a bacterial cause of an infection by the use of individual biomarkers. 16,23,29 To overcome the problem with single marker analysis, some studies advocated panel analysis.…”

Utility of immune response-derived biomarkers in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory disorders

“…37 Compared to atypical pneumonia, typical pneumonia is associated with increased concentrations of CRP and PCT, but the distribution of the individual values shows considerable overlap, precluding individual prediction. 31,32,39 Two Asian studies showed TB pneumonia could be excluded in 30e50% of the patients with CAP if PCT or CRP levels were >1.0e2.0 ng/mL or >150e200 mg/L, respectively (Table 3). 40,41 These promising data should be confirmed in studies also including viral and culture negative pneumonia along with the incorporation of other (clinical and biochemical) predictors in the diagnostic model as well.…”

“…Two other studies reported lowest concentrations among patients with CAP due to a atypical bacteria compared to typical bacteria. 39,78 Blairon et al showed that Gram-negative, Gram-positive and fungal sepsis elicit similar LBP responses. 79 LPB is not helpful to guide the initiation of antibiotic treatment in patients recently admitted.…”