Serum concentrations of immunoglobulins E and G and α2-macroglobulin in childhood renal disease

Immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE) and Complement Components (C₃, C₄) in Nephrotic Syndrome Due to Minimal Change and Other Forms of Glomerulonephritis, a Clue for Steroid Therapy?

“…Serum IgG concentrations are reduced in the NS due to MC glomerulonephritis [1,3,4]. Increased urinary loss of the immunoglobulin is unlikely to be solely responsi ble for the low serum concentrations of IgG, since differ ent subclasses of IgG were not depressed to the same extent [7], Furthermore, IgE, an immunoglobulin of a molecular weight similar to IgG, is present in raised concentrations in the NS, and serum IgE concentrations bear no relation to urinary IgE excretion [8], Serum IgM concentrations are also increased in the NS [1,4] and may remain elevated when the patients go into remission [I], Our results agree with the former but not with the later observation.…”

“…No single study has encompassed all these variables. Increased serum IgE concentrations were considered to be specific for MC glomerulonephritis by some [2], though not all [3]. We have undertaken to evaluate the relation between changes in various immunoglobulins and in addition, two commonly measured complement components, C3 and C4, in patients with the NS due to MC and other forms of glomerulonephritis.…”

“…Changes in the various classes of immunoglobulins in the nephrotic syndrome (NS) due to minimal change (MC) glomerulonephritis include decreased IgG [1], de creased IgA [1], increased IgM [1] and increased IgE [2][3][4][5][6]. No single study has encompassed all these variables.…”

Risk of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome among children with asthma: a nationwide, population-based cohort study

“…Before 1970s, only anecdotal reports described patients who developed INS after allergic events to certain allergens (2-5). Since 1970, several case-control studies revealed that elevated serum IgE were more common in children with INS compared to normal controls (9,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)27). Subsequently, the levels of T helper 2-associated cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 were found to be upregulated in relapsing INS patients (19)(20)(21).…”

“…Recently, levels of T helper 2 (Th2)-associated cytokine such as interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 were found to be elevated in relapsing INS patients (18-21). Children with INS commonly have elevated serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE), which also plays a central role in allergic inflammation (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Although clinical and immunological studies have shown a possible link between allergic diseases and INS for 50 y, human epidemiologic study using a large cohort to investigate the relationship between these disorders are lacking (2-11).…”