Serum concentrations of CA 125, CA 15-3, CA 19-9 and CEA in normal pregnancy: a longitudinal study

Ercan, Şerif; Kaymaz, Özge; Yücel, Nihal; Orçun, Asuman

doi:10.1007/s00404-011-2025-4

Cited by 44 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…As illustrated in Table 3, CA 15-3 values were described in six publications [6-11], of which two (n = 12 and n = 30) had a longitudinal design [7,11]. Although values largely remained below the cut-off, a significantly increased level was observed during pregnancy in five of the six studies, with the highest levels occurring in the third trimester.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although values largely remained below the cut-off, a significantly increased level was observed during pregnancy in five of the six studies, with the highest levels occurring in the third trimester. In three of the four most recent studies, between 3.3% and 20% of all measurements were found to be above the cut-off value [8-11]. The highest reported CA 15-3 value was 56 U/mL in the third trimester [10].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We found ten publications [7,10-18], of which four had a longitudinal study design [7,11,15,18]; an overview is shown in Table 4. Elevated levels were found in all ten studies, in up to 35% of the measurements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiologic variations of serum tumor markers in gynecological malignancies during pregnancy: a systematic review

Han

Lotgerink

Gzirí

et al. 2012

BMC Med

111

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BackgroundRecent insights provide support for the treatment of cancer during pregnancy, a coincidence that poses both mother and fetus at risk. Our aim was to critically review studies on the physiologic variations during pregnancy, the most common tumor markers used in diagnosis and follow-up of gynecological cancers.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of six tumor markers during normal pregnancy: carbohydrate antigen (CA) 15-3 (breast cancer); squamous cell carcinoma antigen (cervical cancer); and CA 125, anti-Müllerian hormone, inhibin B and lactate dehydrogenase (ovarian cancer).ResultsFor CA 15-3, 3.3% to 20.0% of all measurements were above the cut-off (maximum 56 U/mL in the third trimester). Squamous cell carcinoma antigen values were above cut-off in 3.1% and 10.5% of the measurements (maximum 4.3 µg/L in the third trimester). Up to 35% of CA 125 levels were above cut-off: levels were highest in the first trimester, with a maximum value up to 550 U/mL. Inhibin B, anti-Müllerian hormone and lactate dehydrogenase levels were not elevated in maternal serum during normal pregnancy.ConclusionDuring normal pregnancy, tumor markers including CA 15.3, squamous cell carcinoma antigen and CA 125 can be elevated; inhibin B, anti-Müllerian hormone and lactate dehydrogenase levels remain below normal cut-off values. Knowledge of physiological variations during pregnancy can be clinically important when managing gynecological cancers in pregnant patients.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Physiologic variations of serum tumor markers in gynecological malignancies during pregnancy: a systematic review

Han

Lotgerink

Gzirí

et al. 2012

BMC Med

111

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“…The endometrium is a major source of CA125 in healthy women, and it is plausible that the extensive pregnancy-induced changes in the endometrium contribute to long-term changes in circulating CA125 and HE4. Further, data suggest CA125 increases during early pregnancy and close to delivery [32–36]; it is plausible that the higher concentrations observed in pregnancy persist post-pregnancy. One study reported higher CA125 concentrations among women reporting parity of two or higher [37], however, an association between parity and CA125 has not consistently been observed among healthy women [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of circulating ovarian cancer early detection markers and their contribution to discrimination of early detection models: results from the EPIC cohort

et al. 2017

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BackgroundOvarian cancer early detection markers CA125, CA15.3, HE4, and CA72.4 vary between healthy women, limiting their utility for screening.MethodsWe evaluated cross-sectional relationships between lifestyle and reproductive factors and these markers among controls (n = 1910) from a nested case-control study in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Improvements in discrimination of prediction models adjusting for correlates of the markers were evaluated among postmenopausal women in the nested case-control study (n = 590 cases). Generalized linear models were used to calculate geometric means of CA125, CA15.3, and HE4. CA72.4 above vs. below limit of detection was evaluated using logistic regression. Early detection prediction was modeled using conditional logistic regression.ResultsCA125 concentrations were lower, and CA15.3 higher, in post- vs. premenopausal women (p ≤ 0.02). Among postmenopausal women, CA125 was higher among women with higher parity and older age at menopause (ptrend ≤ 0.02), but lower among women reporting oophorectomy, hysterectomy, ever use of estrogen-only hormone therapy, or current smoking (p < 0.01). CA15.3 concentrations were higher among heavier women and in former smokers (p ≤ 0.03). HE4 was higher with older age at blood collection and in current smokers, and inversely associated with OC use duration, parity, and older age at menopause (≤ 0.02). No associations were observed with CA72.4. Adjusting for correlates of the markers in prediction models did not improve the discrimination.ConclusionsThis study provides insights into sources of variation in ovarian cancer early detection markers in healthy women and informs about the utility of individualizing marker cutpoints based on epidemiologic factors.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13048-017-0315-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…One of these tumor markers, CA 19-9, is mostly used as a serum marker for malignancies, but it is also present in the serum and amniotic fluid of pregnant women [20]. In a prospective longitudinal study, serum concentrations of CA 125, CA 15-3, CA 19-9, and CEA were followed in healthy pregnant women throughout pregnancy [21]. No significant difference was observed in serum maternal serum CA 19-9 levels between the first and second trimesters; however, third trimester CA 19-9 levels showed www.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic value of CA 19-9 in pregnancies complicated by spinal neural tube defects: a preliminary study

Tımur¹,

Tokmak

Yücel³

et al. 2016

Ginekol Pol

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Objectives: Various physiological and pathological conditions can induce significant variations in plasma concentrations of tumor markers, such as CA 19-9, which is present in the serum and amniotic fluid of pregnant women. Herein, we aimed to determine the clinical importance of maternal serum CA 19-9 levels in the diagnosis of neural tube defects (NTDs). Material and methods:A total of 100 women were included in this controlled cross-sectional study. Thirty-three patients whose pregnancies were complicated by isolated meningocele or meningomyelocele constituted the study group, whereas 33 normal, healthy pregnant women constituted the control group, and 34 age-and body mass index (BMI)-matched non-pregnant women were chosen for the validation group. Results:The mean maternal serum CA 19-9 levels were 17.2 ± 17.0 IU/mL, 7.1 ± 5.9 IU/mL, and 4.7 ± 3.6 IU/mL in the study, control, and validation groups, respectively (p < 0.001). ROC analyses showed that elevated CA 19-9 values may predict NTDs (p < 0.001). The cut-off value for CA 19-9 was found to be 9.6 IU/mL at 70% (51%-84%, 95% CI) sensitivity and 84% (74%-92%, 95% CI) specificity. Conclusions:CA 19-9 may be a promising noninvasive marker for NTDs. Further studies are needed to reveal the clinical applicability and diagnostic potential of maternal serum CA 19-9 levels in the identification of NTDs.

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Serum concentrations of CA 125, CA 15-3, CA 19-9 and CEA in normal pregnancy: a longitudinal study

Cited by 44 publications

References 13 publications

Physiologic variations of serum tumor markers in gynecological malignancies during pregnancy: a systematic review

Physiologic variations of serum tumor markers in gynecological malignancies during pregnancy: a systematic review

Correlates of circulating ovarian cancer early detection markers and their contribution to discrimination of early detection models: results from the EPIC cohort

Diagnostic value of CA 19-9 in pregnancies complicated by spinal neural tube defects: a preliminary study

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