Serum concentrations and detection rates of selected organochlorine pesticides in a sample of Greek school-aged children with neurodevelopmental disorders

Makris, Gerasimos; Chrousos, George P.; Anesiadou, Sophia; Sabico, Shaun; Abd-Alrahman, Sherif H.; Al-Daghri, Nasser M.; Chouliaras, Giorgos; Pervanidou, Panagiota

doi:10.1007/s11356-019-05666-1

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…For example, a higher risk for depression [11][12][13], post-traumatic stress disorder [9,14], schizophrenia [15], suicide attempts [10], risk behavior patterns [7], attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been closely associated with ELS exposure [16]. ELS constitutes a potent developmental risk factor, likely acting through a number of mediating mechanisms [1,2,17], including epigenetic alterations [18,19], prenatal hormonal factors [3,20], prenatal maternal immune dysregulation [21][22][23], alterations in the development of several brain regions [24,25], pre/postnatal environmental neurotoxicants [26,27], and pre/postnatal psychosocial factors [28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Life Stress, Hormones, and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Makris

Eleftheriades

Pervanidou³

2022

Horm Res Paediatr

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Background: Early Life Stress (ELS) describes a broad spectrum of adverse and stressful prenatal events, namely prenatal maternal stress (PMS), or early postnatal events, which can have detrimental long-term influences on the physiology, cognition, and behavior of an individual. There is abundant evidence indicating that ELS exerts its lasting effects on the physical and mental health of the individual, likely acting through a number of mediating mechanisms, including the disruption of developmental programming of the fetus. Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), for example, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), are a group of conditions that typically manifest during infancy, childhood, or adolescence and are characterized by developmental deficits in various domains. Summary: The scope of the current mini-review is to provide an up-to-date summary of the findings regarding the association of ELS and NDDs and the possible hormonal mechanisms through which PMS exerts its impact on neurodevelopment. We focus on the available evidence regarding children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD or ASD. ELS exposure during developmental vulnerability windows may increase the risk for either subclinical neuropsychological alterations or clinical conditions, such as NDDs. In fact, a large body of evidence underlies the association of ELS exposure and increased risk for NDDs in the offspring. Key Messages: The majority of data suggest that ELS, including PMS, may be associated with ADHD and ASD in the offspring, although there is no consensus regarding the critical developmental periods. Carefully controlled prospective studies are needed to determine the possible causal processes and mechanisms underlying the association of ELS and NDDs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Life Stress, Hormones, and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Makris

Eleftheriades

Pervanidou³

2022

Horm Res Paediatr

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“…Since 1970, most of them have been banned under the Stockholm Convention and are no longer used. However, PCBs and OCPs have been detected in soils, air particles, water, food and biological tissues (Degrendele et al 2016;Aerts et al 2019;Makris et al 2019;Tran et al 2019).…”

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confidence: 99%

Concentrations and sources of persistent organochlorine residues in the sediments and soils from an industrially impacted area in Anhui, China

Yang¹,

Zhao²,

Zhen³

et al. 2020

Soil & Water Res.

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In this study, a typical site that had been contaminated by the chemical industry in the past was selected for investigation. To reveal the pollution status, 18 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and seven polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the surface soil and sediment samples were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The levels of the persistent organochlorine residues in the sediment ranged from 44.59–143.29 ng/g, whereas they were 13.94–97.91 ng/g in the soil. A principal component analysis identified that PCBs and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) were the primary sources of the organochlorine residues in the study area. The p,p'-DDT/(p,p'-DDE + p,p'-DDD) values were all below 1, which indicated that the historical inputs of the technical DDT and dicofol were the major sources of DDTs rather than recent inputs. The composition diversity of the hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers showed that the main sources in the soil were the past use of pesticides, whereas the sediment sources might be due to the historical use of technical HCHs and recent lindane inputs. The ecological risk assessment showed that γ-HCH could pose the highest risks for benthic organisms, followed by DDTs and heptachlor epoxide. These compounds are known to bio-accumulate in fatty tissues. Therefore, routine monitoring of the persistent organochlorine residues in the area is needed and the health risks to local residents should be assessed.

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