Serum Concentration of Leptin in Pregnant Adolescents Correlated with Gestational Weight Gain, Postpartum Weight Retention and Newborn Weight/Length

Abstract

Introduction: Gestational weight gain is an important modifiable factor known to influence fetal outcomes including birth weight and adiposity. Leptin is normally correlated with adiposity and is also known to increase throughout pregnancy, as the placenta becomes a source of leptin synthesis. Several studies have reported positive correlations between cord blood leptin level and either birthweight or size for gestational age, as well as body mass index (BMI). Objective: To determine the correlation of prenatal leptin concentration in pregnant adolescents with their gestational weight gain, postpartum weight retention, and weight/length of their newborn. Methods: A cohort study was conducted on pregnant Mexican adolescents from Gestational Week 26–28 to three months postpartum (n = 168 mother–child dyads). An anthropometric assessment was made of each pregnant adolescent, and the serum level of leptin and the intake of energy were determined. The newborn was evaluated each month during postpartum. Clinical records were reviewed to obtain sociodemographic data. Bivariate correlations, tests for repeating measurements and logistic regression models were performed. Results: Leptin concentration gradually increased during the third trimester of pregnancy. At Gestation Week 36, leptin level correlated with gestational weight gain. When comparing adolescents that had the lowest and highest concentration of leptin, the former presented a mean of 6 kg less in gestational weight gain (inter-subject leptin concentration, p = 0.001; inter-subject energy intake, p = 0.497). Leptin concentration and gestational weight gain exerted an effect on the weight of the newborn (inter-subject leptin concentration for Week 32, p = 0.024; inter-subject gestational weight gain, p = 0.011). Newborn length was associated with leptin concentration at Week 28 (leptin effect, p = 0.003; effect of gestational weight gain, p = 0.722). Conclusions: Pregnant adolescents with leptin concentration over 20 ng/mL showed a greater gestational weight gain. Leptin concentration correlated with length and weight of the newborn.

Changes in pregnancy-related serum biomarkers early in gestation are associated with later development of preeclampsia

“…In this study, we targeted LEP, CSHL1, ELA, activin A, sFlt-1, and PlGF as biomarker candidates for estimating GA and identifying an impending onset of PE. These 6 proteins are not only associated with the placenta and reflect placental growth [8,[30][31][32]; but also because we found that CSHL1 and PlGF were highly correlated to GA from 10 to 30 weeks of pregnancy by our longitudinal quantitative analysis [2] and that the levels of these proteins differ in women with PE compared with women with normal pregnancies. The predictive value of sFlt-1 and PlGF in PE has been validated by a number of studies [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

“…These findings are in line with our longitudinal biomarker trending analyses (Fig 3). Since there was a positive association [8] between maternal serum LEP concentrations and body…”

“…Chorionic somatomammotropin hormone like 1 (CSHL1; also called human placental lactogen) is selectively expressed in placental villi with an important role in regulating placental growth. Leptin (LEP) has been suggested to be involved in placental and fetal growth [8]. The relationship between LEP and PE has been demonstrated in a number of studies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Changes in pregnancy-related serum biomarkers early in gestation are associated with later development of preeclampsia

“…Chorionic somatomammotropin hormone like 1 (CSHL1; also called 55 human placental lactogen) is selectively expressed in placental villi with an important role in 56 regulating placental growth. Leptin (LEP) has been suggested to be involved in placental and 57 fetal growth [8]. The relationship between LEP and PE has been discussed in a few studies [9-58 17].…”

Association of Hypertleptinemia and Gestational Weight Gain

“…Лептин -гормон, який синтезується в основному адипоцитами, передає інформацію щодо маси тіла в гіпоталамус, знижує апетит та відчуття голоду і споживання їжі. Даний гормон контролює масу жирової тканини шляхом стимуляції обміну ліпідів (підвищує швидкість ліполізу, зменшує вміст тригліцеридів в жировій тканині, печінці, скелетних м'язах та підшлунковій залозі, посилює термогенез) і є ін дикатором запасу енергії в організмі [4]. Під час вагітності лептин додатково продукується плацентою.…”