Serum Concentration Changes in Protein, Glucose, Urea, Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine and Thermostability of Neonatal Pigs Farrowed at 25 and 10 °c

Parker, R. O.; Williams, P. E. V.; Aherne, F. X.; Young, Brian

doi:10.4141/cjas80-059

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…It is also consistent with the finding of Parker et al [28] who did not observe any differences in T 4 of newborn piglets after a cold exposure of 24 h. The differences in circulatory glucose concentration observed 1 h after birth between coldchallenged pigs and those kept warm simply reflect the fact that animals kept warm may have not needed the extra readily available Finsten/Donald/Bate energy to thermoregulate, since they were kept within their thermoneutral zone [29]. Although there were slight differences in growth, these could not be attributed directly to the maternal treatment or correlated to the hormones measured in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Effects of Prenatal Maternal TRH Stimulation on the Postnatal Ability of Neonatal Piglets to Cope with a Cold Challenge

Finsten

Donald²,

Bate³

1998

Neonatology

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The effect of administering thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) before farrowing on the ability of their newborn piglets to withstand a cold challenge was studied. Sows received intravenous infusions of TRH (5 µg kg^–1; TRH group) or physiological saline (0.9% NaCl; control group) from day 105 of gestation until farrowing. The plasma concentrations of thyroxine and triiodothyronine increased in sows treated with TRH. There were no differences in thyroxine and triiodothyronine between pigs born to sows in the TRH group and those of the control group. The rectal temperature of piglets born to TRH-treated sows decreased less than that of piglets born to controls as a consequence of a 1-hour cold challenge. Piglets born to sows in the TRH group had higher body weights at birth, and by day 28 they were an average 600 g heavier than those born to sows in the control group. Summarizing, prenatal maternal treatment with TRH appears to increase piglets’ resistance to cold as well as to have beneficial effects on birth and weaning weights.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Effects of Prenatal Maternal TRH Stimulation on the Postnatal Ability of Neonatal Piglets to Cope with a Cold Challenge

Finsten

Donald²,

Bate³

1998

Neonatology

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“…This is consistent with the rapid depletion of glycogen stores after birth [17,21,25] and the steady decrease of the respira tory quotient between birth and 24 h [14,30,33] indicating the utilization of more dietary fat and protein. In this connection it is wor thy to note a significant decrease in RT of CG between 15 and 24 h. Results of de !a Porte des Vaux and Aumaitre [ 16] and Parker et al [35] also show a similar but less marked decrease, its extent depending on environ mental temperature. This decline would indi cate that the amount of colostrum intake is insufficient to meet the energy requirement for thermoregulation and growth, since a mean weight gain of 48 g (69 g if we take into account the 21-gram loss between birth and the first suckling) is observed in these piglets.…”

Section: Thermoregulationmentioning

confidence: 91%

Colostrum Intake and Thermoregulation in the Neonatal Pig in Relation to Environmental Temperature

1981

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Colostrum consumption and rectal temperature (RT) have been measured on piglets kept at 18–20 °C (CG = cold group) and at 30–32 °C (WG = warm group) during the first day of life. At an ambient temperature of 18–20 °C, piglets consumed 36.8% less (p < 0.01) colostrum than their littermates at 30–32 °C. There was a positive correlation between birth weight and colostrum intake in both groups of piglets. From birth weight and weight gain measurements, colostrum intake could be accurately predicted (R2 = 0.75). RT of piglets significantly dropped after birth and subsequently rose, the extent of the initial fall and the rate of the subsequent rise depended on the environmental temperature. RT of CG remained significantly lower than that of WG, and a further significant decrease was found from 15 h after birth in CG. At 18–20 °C, a progressive decline of the effect of birth weight and a concomitant increase in the effect of colostrum intake on RT was found, whereas in WG, RT was influenced by neither birth weight nor colostrum intake. 5 of the 39 CG died within 3 days after birth, while all 41 WG survived. Results provide evidence for cold stress as a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the neonatal pigs.

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“…Published data on T4levels have shown considerable differences between feeder pigs and adult pigs: 70 to 99 nmol.l-1 in pigs of 25 kg (Linnutaja et al 1974), 25 nmol.l-1 in pigs of 42 kg in body mass (Simon et al 1982) and 54 nmol.l-1 in lactating primiparous sows (Raszyk et al 1984). The data reported for piglets have been generally higher (Parker et al 1980a;Kasser et al 1981Kasser et al , 1982Slebodziiiski et al 1981;S·lebodziiiski and CogieI1983), the highest value of 141 nmol.l-1 being recorded for piglets farrowed on the 108th day of gestation (Parker et al 1980b).…”

Section: Thyroid Gland Hormones Body Growth Nutrition Anaemia Of mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…1980a). In the first 12 hours this decrease may be more pronounced in a cold environment (Parker et al 1980b) or more moderate in piglets from fasted sows (Kasser et al 1982) or, on the contrary, larger when colostrum is withheld (Slebodzinski and CogieI1983). Other observations recorded an increase of T4 level up to 24 hours after birt!l, followed by its decrease by 5 days and another rise peaking generally at 14 days (Slebodzinski et al 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considerable attention has been paid to the development of thyroid function in neonatal pigs, particularly with regard to their survival in the first days after birth depending on sufficient thermogenesis (Parker et al 1980b, Campion et al 1981Fentener van Vlissingen et al 1983). Only few data, however, are available on blood serum T4 concentration in older piglets.…”

Section: Thyroid Gland Hormones Body Growth Nutrition Anaemia Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Relationship of Serum Thyroxine Level to Body Mass of Piglets during Their Postnatal Development

Dvorák¹,

Neumannová²,

Bursa³

1986

Acta Vet. Brno

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Dvorak M., M. Neumannova and J. Bursa: The Relationship of Serum Thyroxine Level to Body Mass of Piglets during Their Postnatal Development. Acta vet., Brno, 55, 1986: 11-21. Total thyroxine (T4) levels were determined repeatedly in piglets from birth to 74 days of age in five experiments using 115 piglets from 13 litters divided into groups of heavier and lighter animals according to their body mass at weaning at 21 or 28 days of age and, in one of the experiments, into a group of normally growing piglets and a group of piglets with retar-ded growth in consequence of sideropoenic anaemia. The thyroxinaemia of newborn piglets was twice that found in adult pigs and continued at a high level, with some variation, throughout the suckling period. By 3 weeks after weaning it had decreased but still exceeded that found in 6-month-old feeder pigs. The decrease was small in piglets with good growth performance after weaning. In groups of newborn piglets, older piglets and feeder pigs of lighter body mass, T4 concentration values were generally lower than in their heavier counterparts of equal ages, although the differences did not reach significance. It is suggested that the. decisive criterion of body growth in assessing its direct relationship to T4 level is relative gain in body mass, a parameter presumably corresponding to the level of nutrition. Low thyroxinaemia was found in piglets with poor or no body mass gain in the last days. This hypothyreous state seems to be a secondary phenomenon and may be transient. Thyroid gland. hormones. body growth. nutrition. anaemia of piglets. swine.Endocrine glands involved in body growth regulation, interactions between nutrition and hormones as well as hormone control of protein genesis have been recently receiving increased attention also in relation to animal production (Dauzier 1980;Galbraith and Topps 1981;Trenkle and Marple 1983;Buttery 1983). The investigations to date have indicated the complexity of the problem and yielded conflicting results for individual animal species.. An important role among endocrine regulators is played by hormones of the thyroid gland. Thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (Ta) are generally regarded as essential for normal growth, its differentiation in organisms and for maturation of the skeleton. Their numerous control effects affect metabolism, particularly energy metabolism and calorigenesis. The variety of effects observed at different levels of these hormones and the relatively long latent period before their consequences become apparent make it difficult to understand the mechanisms involved in their action and to distinguish the effects .conditioned directly by their presence from those bringing other regulators into operation, e.g. growth hormone (Menezes-Ferreira and Torresani 1983). In young rats, growth hormone is more effective in promoting the growth of body mass than that of the skeleton, whereas with T4 the reverse is the case. The two hormones act synergistically in bringing the growth of hypophysectomized infant rat...

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Serum Concentration Changes in Protein, Glucose, Urea, Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine and Thermostability of Neonatal Pigs Farrowed at 25 and 10 °c

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Effects of Prenatal Maternal TRH Stimulation on the Postnatal Ability of Neonatal Piglets to Cope with a Cold Challenge

Effects of Prenatal Maternal TRH Stimulation on the Postnatal Ability of Neonatal Piglets to Cope with a Cold Challenge

Colostrum Intake and Thermoregulation in the Neonatal Pig in Relation to Environmental Temperature

The Relationship of Serum Thyroxine Level to Body Mass of Piglets during Their Postnatal Development

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