1991
DOI: 10.1016/s0272-6386(12)80609-3
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Serum C3 Levels Are Diagnostically More Sensitive and Specific for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Activity Than Are Serum C4 Levels

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Cited by 48 publications
(20 citation statements)
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“…In general, C3 is more sensitive and speci®c for lupus nephritis activity than are serum C4 levels. 15,16 Renal biopsy pathology Change in the NIH-modi®ed, semiquantitative renal pathology scoring system, especially in chronicity (damage) index, is considered a clinically relevant outcome for lupus nephritis but its use requires training and a dedicated pathology service. 17,18 It has been argued that in the non-academic practice setting, this system may be less reproducible, 19 but the majority of investigators have found the system highly reproducible with experience.…”
Section: Proteinuriamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In general, C3 is more sensitive and speci®c for lupus nephritis activity than are serum C4 levels. 15,16 Renal biopsy pathology Change in the NIH-modi®ed, semiquantitative renal pathology scoring system, especially in chronicity (damage) index, is considered a clinically relevant outcome for lupus nephritis but its use requires training and a dedicated pathology service. 17,18 It has been argued that in the non-academic practice setting, this system may be less reproducible, 19 but the majority of investigators have found the system highly reproducible with experience.…”
Section: Proteinuriamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…98 severe disease in SLE, including renal flares. [74][75][76] In recent l ongitudinal studies, baseline reductions in complement C3 or C4 were shown to predict disease flares two months or even a year before they occurred. 67 77 Finally, the utility of reduced complement in predicting and monitoring treatment response has also been validated in recent clinical trials aimed at depleting B cells using rituximab or blocking the BAFF pathway.…”
Section: Systemic Sclerosismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The European league against rheumatism has proposed some useful recommendations for monitoring patients with SLE in clinical practice and observational studies [3]. Traditionally the presence of anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) and hypo-complement in serum have been used to diagnose SLE, and their quantitative changes have been further used to reflect the disease activity [4,5]. However, some researchers found them less useful [6][7][8].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%