Serum Beta Hydroxybutyrate Concentrations in Cats with Chronic Kidney Disease, Hyperthyroidism, or Hepatic Lipidosis

Gorman, Linda K.; Sharkey, Leslie C.; Armstrong, Peter; Little, Kim

doi:10.1111/jvim.13826

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Measurement of 3-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate is used in the diagnosis of diabetic ketosis in animals, but the studies conducted by Gorman et al indicate that it may also be a parameter taken into account in other diseases, as an increased level of it was observed in cats with chronic kidney disease, overactive thyroid gland or fatty liver. In addition, since ketones reflect the use of fat as an energy source in the absence of sufficient carbohydrate supply, the measurement of serum 3-HB could potentially be used as an indicator of caloric stress and the need for nutritional support in veterinary patients [ 139 ].…”

Section: The Role Of Beta-hydroxybutyrate In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3-Hydroxybutyrate as a Metabolite and a Signal Molecule Regulating Processes of Living Organisms

2021

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3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB) as a very important metabolite occurs in animals, bacteria and plants. It is well known that in animals, 3-HB is formed as a product of the normal metabolism of fatty acid oxidation and can therefore be used as an energy source in the absence of sufficient blood glucose. In microorganisms, 3-HB mainly serves as a substrate for the synthesis of polyhydroxybutyrate, which is a reserve material. Recent studies show that in plants, 3-HB acts as a regulatory molecule that most likely influences the expression of genes involved in DNA methylation, thereby altering DNA methylation levels. Additionally, in animals, 3-HB is not only an intermediate metabolite, but also an important regulatory molecule that can influence gene expression, lipid metabolism, neuronal function, and overall metabolic rate. Some of these effects are the direct effects of 3-HB itself, while others are indirect effects, regulated by the metabolites into which 3-HB is converted. One of the most important regulatory functions of 3-HB is the inhibition of the activity of histone deacetylases and thus the epigenetic regulation of many genes. Due to the number of functions of this compound, it also shows promising therapeutic properties.

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Section: The Role Of Beta-hydroxybutyrate In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3-Hydroxybutyrate as a Metabolite and a Signal Molecule Regulating Processes of Living Organisms

2021

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“…Increased BHBA concentration (hyperketonaemia) is a good diagnostic marker of NEB, and thus for HL 14 15 . Decreasing serum BHBA concentration during hospitalisation was presently a positive prognostic marker, likely reflecting improvement in the NEB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HL is diagnosed based on typical history, clinical signs, laboratory findings (ie, increased serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, hypertriglyceridaemia and hyperketonaemia) and imaging findings (ie, diffusely enlarged hyperechoic liver). The diagnosis is confirmed by liver cytology or histopathology 2 10–15 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic markers in feline hepatic lipidosis: a retrospective study of 71 cats

et al. 2017

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Feline hepatic lipidosis (HL) is a common, potentially life-threatening disease resulting from prolonged anorexia and increased catabolism. This retrospective study included cats diagnosed with HL based on liver cytology or histopathology (years 2004-2015), and aimed to identify clinical and laboratory parameters associated with mortality. The study included 71 cats (47 females and 24 males) and 85 control cats with non-HL diseases. Most HL cats (90 per cent) were mixed breed, neutered (70; 99 per cent), female (47; 66 per cent), indoor cats (56; 79 per cent), fed dry commercial diets (44 cats; 62 per cent), and with a median age of 7.5 years (range 1.5-16.0). Common primary conditions included gastrointestinal diseases, pancreatitis and cholangiohepatitis (31 cats; 44 per cent) and stressful events (14; 20 per cent). HL was idiopathic in 20 cats (28 per cent). The overall mortality was 38 per cent (27/71 cats). Older age, as well as dullness, weakness, ptyalism, hypoproteinaemia, hypoalbuminaemia, increased serum creatine kinase activity, hypocholesterolaemia and hepatic failure at presentation were significantly (P≤0.033) associated with mortality. The primary disease was unassociated with mortality. Worsening hypoalbuminaemia, hyperammonaemia, hyperbilirubinaemia, electrolyte disorders, and occurrence of cavitary effusions or hypotension during hospitalisation were significantly (P≤0.045) associated with mortality. A decrease of serum β-hydroxybutyrate during hospitalisation was significantly (P=0.01) associated with survival, likely reflecting improvement in the catabolic state. The identified risk factors may be therapeutic targets.

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“…Acetone is one of the serum metabolites that was found to be related to the severity of eosinophilic asthma and airflow limitation in adult humans [ 62 ]. In cats, increased serum β-hydroxybutyrate, is characteristic of diabetes [ 63 ], diabetic ketoacidosis, hepatic lipidosis, and less frequently other conditions such as chronic kidney disease and hyperthyroidism in which fat is used as an energy source [ 64 , 65 ]. Ketonemia in cats is typically associated with a shift from glucose utilization to β-oxidation of fatty acids and negative energy balance [ 64 , 66 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive Recognition and Biomarkers of Early Allergic Asthma in Cats Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis of NMR Spectra of Exhaled Breath Condensate

et al. 2016

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Asthma is prevalent in children and cats, and needs means of noninvasive diagnosis. We sought to distinguish noninvasively the differences in 53 cats before and soon after induction of allergic asthma, using NMR spectra of exhaled breath condensate (EBC). Statistical pattern recognition was improved considerably by preprocessing the spectra with probabilistic quotient normalization and glog transformation. Classification of the 106 preprocessed spectra by principal component analysis and partial least squares with discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) appears to be impaired by variances unrelated to eosinophilic asthma. By filtering out confounding variances, orthogonal signal correction (OSC) PLS-DA greatly improved the separation of the healthy and early asthmatic states, attaining 94% specificity and 94% sensitivity in predictions. OSC enhancement of multi-level PLS-DA boosted the specificity of the prediction to 100%. OSC-PLS-DA of the normalized spectra suggest the most promising biomarkers of allergic asthma in cats to include increased acetone, metabolite(s) with overlapped NMR peaks near 5.8 ppm, and a hydroxyphenyl-containing metabolite, as well as decreased phthalate. Acetone is elevated in the EBC of 74% of the cats with early asthma. The noninvasive detection of early experimental asthma, biomarkers in EBC, and metabolic perturbation invite further investigation of the diagnostic potential in humans.

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Serum Beta Hydroxybutyrate Concentrations in Cats with Chronic Kidney Disease, Hyperthyroidism, or Hepatic Lipidosis

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

3-Hydroxybutyrate as a Metabolite and a Signal Molecule Regulating Processes of Living Organisms

3-Hydroxybutyrate as a Metabolite and a Signal Molecule Regulating Processes of Living Organisms

Prognostic markers in feline hepatic lipidosis: a retrospective study of 71 cats

Noninvasive Recognition and Biomarkers of Early Allergic Asthma in Cats Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis of NMR Spectra of Exhaled Breath Condensate

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