Serum basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor and tumour growth kinetics in advanced colorectal cancer

Dirix, Luc; Vermeulen, Peter; Hubens, Guy; Benoy, Ina; Martin, M.; Pooter, Christel De; Oosterom, A.T. van

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.annonc.a010764

Cited by 125 publications

(61 citation statements)

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“…As in many other tumors, several angiogenic regulators have been recognized in colon cancer, including VEGF, PDGF, thrombospondin, and angiopoietins (74,75). Likewise, overexpression of FGF and FGFRs in colon cancer cells and tissues, as well as increase of FGF-2 serum levels in patients with advanced colon cancer, have been extensively reported (76)(77)(78)(79)(80)(81).…”

Section: Angiogenesis In Gastrointestinal Cancersmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Angiogenic Switch Molecule, Secreted FGF-Binding Protein, an Indicator of Early Stages of Pancreatic and Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

Tassi

Wellstein

2006

Seminars in Oncology

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Tumor angiogenesis has been related to the initiation as well as progression toward more aggressive behavior of human tumors. We will discuss genetic events underlying the initiation and progression of colorectal and pancreatic adenocarcinoma with a particular focus on the modulation of angiogenesis. A secreted fibroblast growth factor (FGF) binding protein (FGF-BP), which is an extracellular chaperone molecule for FGFs, has been shown to enhance FGF-mediated biochemical and biologic events and to be a crucial rate-limiting factor for tumor-dependent angiogenesis. Histochemical and in situ hybridization studies with archival samples show that FGF-BP is induced early during the initiation of colorectal and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. We will discuss the potential of this secreted protein as a serum marker to identify at-risk subjects.

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Section: Angiogenesis In Gastrointestinal Cancersmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Angiogenic Switch Molecule, Secreted FGF-Binding Protein, an Indicator of Early Stages of Pancreatic and Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

Tassi

Wellstein

2006

Seminars in Oncology

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“…Within assay reproducibility has been tested before (Dirix et al, 1996(Dirix et al, , 1997Salgado et al, 1999;Vermeulen et al, 1999) All samples were run in duplicate. The upper limit of normal for these cytokines was defined by using a 95% confidence limit from the mean value obtained from healthy volunteers.…”

Section: Blood Collection and Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plasma and serum VEGF levels are elevated in a majority of untreated cancer patients and these levels are predictive for the clinically measured tumour doubling kinetics (Dirix et al, 1996(Dirix et al, , 1997. Serum VEGF levels are always much higher than plasma levels (George et al, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma fibrin D-dimer levels correlate with tumour volume, progression rate and survival in patients with metastatic breast cancer

Dirix¹,

Salgado

Weytjens³

et al. 2002

Br J Cancer

182

136

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Plasma levels of D-dimer are elevated in cancer patients. Activation of the extrinsic coagulation system and the fibrinolytic cascade within a tumour is thought to be related with growth, invasion and metastasis. We have investigated the relationship between these markers of fibrin metabolism, standard clinicopathological variables and serum levels of angiogenic cytokines in three cohorts: group A (n=30) consisted of 30 healthy female volunteers, group B (n=23) of consecutive patients with operable breast cancer and group C (n=84) of patients with untreated or progressive metastatic breast cancer. Plasma Ddimers, fibrinogen, IL-6, vascular endothelial growth factor and calculated vascular endothelial growth factor load in platelets are clearly increased in patients with breast cancer. D-dimers were increased in nearly 89% of patients with progressive metastatic disease. The level of D-dimers was positively correlated with tumour load (P50.0001), number of metastatic sites (P=0.002), progression kinetics (P50.0001) and the cytokines related to angiogenesis: serum vascular endothelial growth factor (P=0.0016, Spearman correlation=0.285), calculated vascular endothelial growth factor load in platelets (P50.0001, Spearman correlation=0.37) and serum interleukin-6 (P50.0001, Spearman correlation=0.59). Similarly increased D-dimer levels were positively correlated with increased fibrinogen levels (P50.0001, Spearman correlation=0.38). The association between markers of fibrin degradation in patients with progressive breast cancer suggests that the D-dimer level is a clinically important marker for progression and points towards a relation between haemostasis and tumour progression. A role of interleukin-6, by influencing both angiogenesis and haemostasis, is suggested by these observations.

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“…In patients with cancer, high serum concentrations of VEGF are associated with several unfavourable clinical parameters such as short tumour volume doubling time, progressive disease, extensive disease and poor survival (Dirix et al, 1996(Dirix et al, , 1997Salven et al, 1997a,b Kitamura et al, 1998Tempfer et al, 1998;Ugurel et al, 2001). Similarly, high concentrations of b-FGF have been detected in either urine or serum of cancer patients and associated with tumour bulk in head and neck or with a short tumour volume doubling time in colorectal cancer (O'Brien et al, 1995;Leunig et al, 1998;Kumar et al, 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

Clinicoprognostic implications of increased serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblastic growth factor in early B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

et al. 2002

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To assess the relative merit of increased serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblastic growth factor in predicting the risk of disease progression of patients with early B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia we analyzed 81 Binet stage A patients whose sera were taken at the time of diagnosis and evaluated for the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor positively correlated with Rai sub-stages (P=0.03), peripheral blood lymphocytosis (P=0.03), bone marrow histology (P=0.04) and b2-microglobulin (b2-m) (P=0.006). When dealing with basic fibroblast growth factor only a correlation with Rai sub-stages (P=0.02) could be found. Different cut-offs set on the basis of a stratification in quartiles, failed to demonstrate any correlation between serum levels of basic fibroblast growth factor and disease progression. In contrast, patients with increased serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (above median value, 203 pg ml 71 ) had a three times increased risk of disease progression, although, in multivariate analysis only Rai sub-stages (P=0.0001) and lymphocyte doubling time (P=0.002) retained their prognostic significance. Low levels of vascular endothelial growth factor were indicative of good clinical outcome in the subgroup of patients with either low (P=0.02) or high (P=0.03) b2-m concentration. Finally, the highest prognostic power was obtained when serum vascular endothelial growth factor and b2-m were examined in combination. Median of progression-free survival of patients who had both serum vascular endothelial growth factor and b2-m higher than median value was only 13 months, in contrast median progression-free survival of patients with one marker increased (i.e. above the 50th percentile) was 40 months. Patients with both markers below the median experienced the best clinical outcome (median progression-free survival not reached at 40 months). In conclusion, serum levels of either vascular endothelial growth factor or basic fibroblast growth factor are high in patients with early chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, however, only vascular endothelial growth factor predicts behaviour of disease and helps to refine the prognosis of stage A patients.

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Serum basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor and tumour growth kinetics in advanced colorectal cancer

Cited by 125 publications

References 20 publications

The Angiogenic Switch Molecule, Secreted FGF-Binding Protein, an Indicator of Early Stages of Pancreatic and Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

The Angiogenic Switch Molecule, Secreted FGF-Binding Protein, an Indicator of Early Stages of Pancreatic and Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

Plasma fibrin D-dimer levels correlate with tumour volume, progression rate and survival in patients with metastatic breast cancer

Clinicoprognostic implications of increased serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblastic growth factor in early B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

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