Serum apolipoproteins B and A‐I and naturally occurring fatty liver in dairy cows

Marcos, Edgardo; Mazur, Andrzej; Cardot, Philippe; Rayssiguier, Yves

doi:10.1007/bf02537168

Cited by 58 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Although the marked decrease of serum APO B-100 values in cattle with both naturally occurring [7,22] and experimentally induced [14] fatty liver has been reported, the relationship between APO B-100 and other bovine diseases has seldom been investigated. Our results indicate that APO B-100 levels decreased association with metabolic disorders such as ketosis, displaced abomasum and downer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to this tendency for negative energy balance, any reduction in feed intake, the changes in hormone level during this period, or even the stress of parturition itself, may further contribute to impaired lipid metabolism [1-6, 9-11, 15]. It has been suggested that for these reasons fatty liver is a commonly observed metabolic disorder of the postparturient cow [14,24].…”

Section: Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum Apolipoprotein B-100 Concentrations in Healthy and Diseased Cattle.

Itoh

Tamura²,

Motoi

et al. 1997

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The purpose of this study was to establish the normal range of serum apolipoprotein B-100 (APO B-100) concentration in clinically normal cattle, and to assess its abnormalities with clinical diseases. We measured the serum concentration of APO B-100 in cattle of varying ages, breeds and sex, maintained under normal field conditions. Blood samples were obtained from 735 apparently healthy cattle and 146 cows with various diseases. The concentration of serum APO B-100 in cattle was assayed by the single radial immunodiffusion method. The concentration of serum APO B-100 in healthy adult breeding bulls (mean ± SD: Holstein; 101 ± 46 µg/ml, Japanese Black; 106 ± 46 µg/ml) was significantly (P<0.001) lower than that in cows (Holstein; 259 ± 63, Japanese Black; 210 ± 46 µg/ ml), while that of APO B-100 in steers (Holstein; 290 ± 86 µg/ml, Japanese Black; 302 ± 90 µg/ml) was similar to the level in cows. The concentration of serum APO B-100 in cattle varied with sex and breed. APO B-100 concentration in cattle was decreased in association with metabolic disorders such as ketosis, displaced abomasum and fatty liver. From these results, it is assumed that the level of serum APO B-100 will be applied to diagnosis of metabolic diseases in cattle. -KEY WORDS: cattle, serum APO B-100.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Apolipoprotein B-100 Concentrations in Healthy and Diseased Cattle.

Itoh

Tamura²,

Motoi

et al. 1997

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…The apoB-100 concentration was decreased in cows with fatty liver induced by ethionine [173] and those with natural fatty liver [104]. We found that the apoB-100 concentration in steers was increased by administration of E 2 and was decreased by subsequent nonfeeding, together with cessation of E 2 administration [74].…”

Section: Apolipoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of Apolipoproteins in the Development of Fatty Liver and Fatty Liver-Releted Peripartum Diseases in Dairy Cows.

2002

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ABSTRACT. Most metabolic diseases in dairy cows occur during the peripartum period and are suggested to be derived from fatty liver initially developed during the nonlactating stage. Fatty liver is induced by hepatic uptake of nonesterified fatty acids that are released in excess by adipose tissues attributable to negative energy balance. The fatty accumulation leads to impairment of lipoprotein metabolism in the liver, and the impairment in turn influences other metabolic pathways in extrahepatic tissues such as the steroid hormone production by the corpus luteum. Detailed understanding of the impaired lipoprotein metabolism is crucial for elucidation of the mechanistic bases of the development of fatty liver and fatty liver-related peripartum diseases. This review summarizes results on evaluation of lipoprotein lipid and protein concentrations and enzyme activity in cows with fatty liver and those with ketosis, left displacement of the abomasum, milk fever, downer syndrome and retained placenta. Obtained data strongly suggest that decreases in serum concentrations of apolipoprotein B-100, apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein C-III, a reduction in activity of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase and induction of haptoglobin and serum amyloid A are intimately related to the development of fatty liver and fatty liver-related diseases. Moreover, determination of the apolipoprotein concentrations and enzyme activity during the peripartum period is useful for early diagnoses of these diseases. KEY WORDS: apolipoprotein, bovine, estrogen receptor, fatty liver, protein kinase C.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 64(4): 293-307, 2002 PREFACE AND SCOPE OF THIS REVIEW Control of metabolic diseases, including ketosis, left displacement of the abomasum (LDA), milk fever and downer cow syndrome are crucially important for modern dairy husbandry, because their occurrence is intimately related to extensive feeding and management of dairy cows and also because high-yielding cows are particularly susceptible to such diseases. Affected cows, even after recovery from those metabolic diseases, have high incidences of reproductive and infectious diseases. Most metabolic diseases occur during the peripartum period (2 to 4 weeks from parturition) and are suggested to be caused by fatty liver (hepatic lipidosis) initially developed during the nonlactating stage. Fatty liver is a condition in which triglycerides (TG) accumulate in the liver. As a logical consequence, the TG accumulation results in impaired metabolism of lipoproteins, most of which are produced by the liver. Lipoproteins have a role in the transport of lipids between the liver and extrahepatic tissues. Impairment of lipoprotein metabolism is linked to disturbances of other metabolic pathways in extrahepatic tissues, for example, the steroid hormone production in the corpus luteum. Studies on impaired lipoprotein metabolism are therefore prerequisite to elucidate the mechanistic bases of the development of fatty liver and fatty liver-related diseases. Lipoproteins consist of lipids a...

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“…The only difference observed in cows with decreased apoC-III concentrations was lower apoB-100 concentrations than in cows with increased apoC-III concentrations. In cows with fatty liver, the apoB-100 concentration is also decreased [6,8,17]. Reduced LCAT activity (together with a decreased CE concentration) and decreased concentrations of apoC-III and apoB-100 may reflect different aspects (probably different stages) of fatty liver development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major biochemical characteristics of cows with fatty liver and fatty liver-related diseases are decreases in lipoprotein lipid and apoprotein concentrations. Thus far, decreases in concentrations of apolipoprotein (apo) B-100 [6,8,15,17], apoA-I [8, 14, 15, 17] and cholesteryl esters (CE) [10][11][12]18] and a reduction in activity of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) [10][11][12]18] have been used in diagnosing fatty liver and fatty liverrelated diseases.ApoC-III is the low-molecular-mass protein mainly distributed in the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction in cattle serum [20,21]. We have recently shown that the apoC-III concentration is decreased in cows with fatty liver, ketosis, left displacement of the abomasum, retained placenta and milk fever [22].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations of Apolipoprotein C-III in Healthy Cows during the Peripartum Period and Cows with Milk Fever.

Katoh

Nakagawa-Ueta²

2001

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Apolipoprotein (apo) C-III is a low-molecular-mass protein mainly distributed in the high-density lipoprotein fraction in cattle serum. We have recently shown that the apoC-III concentration is decreased in cows with fatty liver, ketosis, left displacement of the abomasum, retained placenta and milk fever. The decrease was most distinct in milk fever, thereby suggesting that apoC-III is particularly relevant to the development of milk fever and also that apoC-III is a candidate diagnostic marker for this disease. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether the apoC-III concentration in healthy cows is altered during the peripartum period, to assess the usefulness of apoC-III as a marker for milk fever. ApoC-III concentrations in 17 cows were monitored during the peripartum period (-48 to +12 days from parturition). Of the 17 cows, 14 were apparently healthy during the period. The apoC-III concentrations in the 14 healthy cows were unaltered during the period from -48 to -21 days, but thereafter showed individual variations. Compared with values during the period from -48 to -21 days, the apoC-III concentration was increased (137%) in 5 cows during the period from +1 to +12 days, whereas it decreased (60.7%) in 9 cows. Three cows suffered from milk fever at -3 to +10 days. Decreased apoC-III concentrations in diseased cows (15 to 37% of controls) were more distinct than in the 9 healthy cows. The apoC-III concentration was correlated with lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity in cows with milk fever, but not in healthy cows. Correlation analysis also indicated that apoC-III and apoB-100 concentrations were negatively correlated in 5 healthy cows with increased apoC-III concentrations, but positively in 9 healthy cows with decreased concentrations and cows with milk fever. Determination of the apoC-III concentration during the peripartum period is suggested to be helpful in diagnosing milk fever. The possible relevance of apoC-III and apoB-100 in the development of milk fever is also implied. KEY WORDS: apoB-100, apoC-III, bovine, milk fever, peripartum period.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 63(6): 597-601, 2001 Most metabolic diseases of dairy cows develop in the peripartum period, during which the transition from the pregnant, nonlactating state to the nonpregnant, lactating state occurs [1]. The periparturient metabolic diseases include ketosis, left displacement of the abomasum, retained placenta and milk fever. Such diseases are suggested to be derived from fatty liver developed during the nonlactating stage [9,16]. The major biochemical characteristics of cows with fatty liver and fatty liver-related diseases are decreases in lipoprotein lipid and apoprotein concentrations. Thus far, decreases in concentrations of apolipoprotein (apo) B-100 [6,8,15,17], apoA-I [8, 14, 15, 17] and cholesteryl esters (CE) [10][11][12]18] and a reduction in activity of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) [10][11][12]18] have been used in diagnosing fatty liver and fatty liverrelated diseases.ApoC-III ...

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Serum apolipoproteins B and A‐I and naturally occurring fatty liver in dairy cows

Cited by 58 publications

References 23 publications

Serum Apolipoprotein B-100 Concentrations in Healthy and Diseased Cattle.

Serum Apolipoprotein B-100 Concentrations in Healthy and Diseased Cattle.

Relevance of Apolipoproteins in the Development of Fatty Liver and Fatty Liver-Releted Peripartum Diseases in Dairy Cows.

Concentrations of Apolipoprotein C-III in Healthy Cows during the Peripartum Period and Cows with Milk Fever.

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