Serum Anticardiolipin Concentrations in Patients With Chronic Periodontitis Following Scaling and Root Planing

Chaston, R.; Sabatini, Robert; Koertge, Thomas E.; Brooks, Carol N.; Schenkein, Harvey A.

doi:10.1902/jop.2013.130408

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…This unique observation with respect to IgG in sera from individuals with periodontitis may suggest an alternative explanation for the associations found between periodontitis and pregnancy in some patients. Furthermore, this potential mechanism would also be consistent with the observation by several investigators that periodontal therapy administered during pregnancy fails to alter pregnancy outcome [ 36 ], since IgG levels do not decrease significantly over a period of just a few months, even with treatment [ 37 ]. Thus, periodontitis patients with chronic untreated disease and chronically elevated antibody levels to periodontal pathogens may be adversely affected by such antibodies during pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Anticardiolipin (aCL) in sera from periodontitis subjects activate Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)

Schenkein

Thomas

2018

PLoS ONE

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Anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) have been reported to be present in 15–20% of sera from subjects with periodontitis at concentrations exceeding those found in 95% of the healthy adult population. These antibodies, albeit at concentrations exceeding those generally found in periodontitis subjects, are typically present in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), an autoimmune disease characterized by thrombosis and recurrent pregnancy loss. aCL from APS patients are proinflammatory and can activate trophoblasts, macrophages, and platelets via cell-surface interactions with their target antigen beta-2-glycoprotein-I (β2GPI). β2GPI is an anionic phospholipid-binding serum protein that can associate with toll-like receptors (TLR’s) on the cell-surface, leading to cell activation following interaction with autoimmune aCL. We examined an expanded series of 629 sera from clinically characterized subjects for aCL content, and observed that 14–19% of these sera contained elevated (>95th %-tile) levels of aCL. We purified IgG from 16 subjects with elevated or normal levels of aCL and examined their ability to activate TLR2- or TLR4-transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells, and observed that IgG from periodontitis patients with elevated aCL activated HEK-TLR4 cells, but not HEK-TLR2 cells. Prior removal of aCL by immunoabsorption significantly reduced the ability of IgG preparations from these sera to activate TLR4. Further experiments using a human first trimester trophoblastic cell line (HTR8 sv/neo) revealed that aCL from periodontitis patients stimulated IL-8 production, which was profoundly decreased if aCL was removed by immunoabsorption or if HTR8 sv/neo were pretreated with blocking anti-TLR4 antibodies. Thus, it appears that aCL from periodontitis patients can be proinflammatory, activating cells via TLR4. Since these antibodies are likely produced via molecular mimicry due to similarities between oral bacterial antigens and β2GPI, the data indicate that circulating serum aCL may induce or influence inflammatory responses at sites distant from the oral cavity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Anticardiolipin (aCL) in sera from periodontitis subjects activate Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)

Schenkein

Thomas

2018

PLoS ONE

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“…[ 22 ] The autoantibodies reactive with phospholipids which target β2GPI are hypothesized to cause the disease by several pathways, including activation of endothelial cells, inducement of oxidant-mediated injury, or interference with the natural anticoagulant function of β2GPI. [ 23 24 25 ] This pathogenic mechanism elicited through these studies support that our subjects with tobacco users may initiate prothrombotic reactions and cyclic phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Evaluation of anticardiolipin antibodies in tobacco users and non-tobacco users with severe chronic periodontal disease

Yadalam¹,

Rajapandian²,

Ravishankar³

et al. 2016

J Int Soc Prevent Communit Dent

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Aims:Many studies have proven that b2-glycoprotein-I-dependent anticardiolipin is elevated in periodontal diseases. Systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome, which are usually associated with high antiphospholipid antibodies, are more prone to adverse pregnancy outcomes and cardiovascular sequelae. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to evaluate IgG, IgM anticardiolipin antibodies in tobacco users and non-tobacco users with severe chronic periodontal disease.Materials and Methods:Based on the Armitage classification, 2000, 40 severe periodontitis (group D) (mean clinical attachment loss greater than 2.5 mm) male patients were selected for the study with the age range of 35–65 years and good general health from the Department of periodontics, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College, Chennai. They were classified as smokers (20 subjects) and non-smokers (20 subjects). Blood samples were collected and IgG, IgM antibodies were semi-quantitatively analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data thus collected were statistically analyzed by independent student's t-test.Results:Results showed that smokers with severe periodontitis exhibited marked increase in anticardiolipin IgG, IgM compared to non-smokers. They showed a positive correlation and statistical significance (P < 0.0001) between mean clinical attachment loss and IgG and IgM values.Conclusions:Results showed a rise in anticardiolipin antibodies in smokers with severe periodontitis, which indicates that these patients are more prone to coronary heart disease.

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“…The serum/plasma IgG antibody titers test was frequently used as the assessment of host risk for periodontitis, 29 , 35 , 36 which was also used for assessment of post‐periodontal therapies such as SRP 37 , 38 . In this study, plasma IgG titers to Pg in patients were significantly reduced by SRP and LDDS at FE in comparison with BL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Clinical Usefulness of Novel Immunochromatographic Detection Device for Porphyromonas gingivalis in Evaluating Effects of Scaling and Root Planing and Local Antimicrobial Therapy

Nakayama

Ogata

Hiromatsu

et al. 2016

Journal of Periodontology

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Serum Anticardiolipin Concentrations in Patients With Chronic Periodontitis Following Scaling and Root Planing

Abstract: The oral microflora is a likely source of antigen inducing antiCl in CP, since IgM antiCl levels can be reduced in the short term with conservative therapy.

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Anticardiolipin (aCL) in sera from periodontitis subjects activate Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)

Anticardiolipin (aCL) in sera from periodontitis subjects activate Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)

Evaluation of anticardiolipin antibodies in tobacco users and non-tobacco users with severe chronic periodontal disease

Clinical Usefulness of Novel Immunochromatographic Detection Device for Porphyromonas gingivalis in Evaluating Effects of Scaling and Root Planing and Local Antimicrobial Therapy

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