Serum Anti-AP3D1 Antibodies Are Risk Factors for Acute Ischemic Stroke Related With Atherosclerosis

Abstract

Atherosclerosis has been considered as the main cause of morbidity, mortality, and disability worldwide. The first screening for antigen markers was conducted using the serological identification of antigens by recombinant cDNA expression cloning, which has identified adaptor-related protein complex 3 subunit delta 1 (AP3D1) as an antigen recognized by serum IgG antibodies of patients with atherosclerosis. Serum antibody levels were examined using the amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay-linked immunosorbent assay (AlphaLISA) using a recombinant protein as an antigen. It was determined that the serum antibody levels against AP3D1 were higher in patients with acute ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack , diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular disease , chronic kidney disease (CKD), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and colorectal carcinoma than those in the healthy donors. The area under the curve values of DM, nephrosclerosis type of CKD, and ESCC calculated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were higher than that of other diseases. Correlation analysis showed that the anti-AP3D1 antibody levels were highly associated with maximum intima-media thickness, which indicates that this marker reflected the development of atherosclerosis. The results of the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study indicated that this antibody marker is deemed useful as risk factors for AIS.

Genetic plasma biomarkers associated with ischemic stroke

“…Path analysis [68] indicated a strong correlation between anti-AP3D1-antibody levels and maximum intima-media thickness, suggesting that this marker accurately captured the initiation of atherosclerosis. It was discovered that the target antigen recognized by serum IgG antibodies in the plasma of atherosclerosis patients was AP3D1.…”

Prognostic and diagnostic significance of preoperative Jumonji domain‑containing 6 antibodies in colorectal cancer

“…Serum samples were obtained before surgery and stored frozen at -80˚C until use. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and GST-fused JMJD6 proteins were purified as described previously (15)(16)(17). s-JMJD6 Ab levels were assessed using an amplified luminescent proximity homology assay-linked immunosorbent assay (Alpha-LISA), as described previously (15)(16)(17).…”

“…Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and GST-fused JMJD6 proteins were purified as described previously (15)(16)(17). s-JMJD6 Ab levels were assessed using an amplified luminescent proximity homology assay-linked immunosorbent assay (Alpha-LISA), as described previously (15)(16)(17). Briefly, Alpha-LISA was performed in 384-well microtiter plates (white opaque OptiPlate, PerkinElmer) containing either 2.5 µl of 1:100 diluted serum and 2.5 µl of 10 µg/ml of GST or GST-JMJD6 protein in AlphaLISA buffer (25-mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 0.1% casein, 0.5% Triton X-100, 1 mg/ml dextran-500, and 0.05% Proclin-300).…”

Association of high proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 antibody level with poor prognosis in patients with diabetes: A prospective cross-sectional study

“…The roles of these autoantibodies are unclear; however, they may re ect the disease status of individuals. In fact, certain autoantibody types have been associated with arteriosclerotic diseases [1][2][3] and malignancies [4,5]. Therefore, these autoantibodies can serve as novel biomarkers.…”