Serum and Salivary IgA, IgG, and IgM Levels in Oral Lichen Planus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies

Abstract

Immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, and IgM) are significant anti-inflammatory factors. The meta-analysis aimed to assess the serum and salivary levels of Igs as more important immunoglobulins in patients affected by oral lichen planus (OLP) compared to the healthy controls. Four databases, including PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library as well as Iranian databases were checked up to January 2018 without language restriction. The quality of each involved study was done using the Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) questionnaire. A random-effects model analysis was done by RevMan 5.3 software applying the mean difference (MD) plus 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The CMA 2.0 software was applied to calculate the publication bias among the studies. Out of 70 studies found in the databases, 8 studies were involved and analyzed in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis included 282 OLP patients and 221 healthy controls. The pooled MDs of serum levels of IgA, IgG, and IgM were −0.13 g/L [95% CI: −0.24, −0.02; P = 0.02], 1.01 g/L [95% CI: −0.91, 2.93; P = 0.30], and −0.06 g/L [95% CI: −0.25, 0.14; P = 0.56], respectively; whereas, the salivary IgA and IgG levels were 71.54 mg/L [95% CI: 12.01, 131.07; P = 0.02] and 0.59 mg/L [95% CI: −0.20, 1.38; P = 0.14], respectively. Considering the few studies performed on saliva, the results suggested that the salivary levels, especially IgA level had higher values than the serum levels. Therefore, the salivary immunoglobulins can play a significant function in the OLP pathogenesis.

Optimized Synthesis of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles as Bactericidal Agents

“…Despite significant advances in the production of drugs for the treatment of various diseases, there is still no effective treatment for some diseases, such as autoimmune diseases [1,2], chronic pain [3], cancer [4,5], and microbial infections [6]. e incidence of various types of microbial infections worldwide is increasing.…”

The effects of pomegranate peel extract on recurrent aphthous stomatitis

“…Finding effective treatments for oral cancers, oral lichen planus and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) are among the most important challenges of oral medicine [1][2][3][4]. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is one of the most frequent oral diseases, and affects almost 20% of the population [5], but incidence varies from 5% to 50% depending on the groups under investigation and populations [6].…”

The Role of Nanomaterials in the Treatment of Diseases and Their Effects on the Immune System

“…Despite the medical advances in recent years, some diseases such as AIDS [8], [9], cancer [10], [11], infectious diseases [12], diabetes [13], chronic pain [14], [15] and autoimmune diseases [16], [17], have not been treated. Since nanoparticles are the foundation of nanotechnology, their use in the medical branch has opened new perspectives in therapy [18].…”

“…In the autoimmune diseases, the immune invasion to certain tissues endangers their structural and functional compatibility [16], [17]. The nanomaterials have been engineered to modulate the antigen-presenting cells (APCs), as well as to downregulate innate immune signals that reinforce adaptive autoimmune responses [33].…”