Serum amyloid A in polycystic ovary syndrome

Translational Bioinformatics for Human Reproductive Biology Research: Examples, Opportunities and Challenges for a Future Reproductive Medicine

“…Zheng et al [121] identified 21 genes that recognize asymptomatic sexually transmitted infection (STI)-induced endometritis and distinguish it from non-STI pelvic pain and other diseases. Inflammatory biomarkers such as serum amyloid A, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, peroxiredoxin 4 (Prx4), trimethylamine-Noxide (TMAO), interferons (IFN)-γ, C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin ratio, IFN γ-induced protein 10 kDa (IP10/CXCL10), heme oxygenase-1 and procalcitonin (PCT) [122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130] are involved in pathophysiological processes such as sex hormones, insulin, cell proliferation, oxidative stress and lipid metabolism in PCOS, so they can be used as effective biomarkers to predict PCOS and to predict the risk of cardiovascular disease [131,132] and chronic lowgrade inflammation in offspring [133]. A recent study [134] showed that the inflammatory reaction coordinated by nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling is exacerbated by abnormalities in the estrogen receptor-β and progesterone receptor pathways, and that these pathways are also affected by local inflammation, creating a dysregulated inflammatory-hormonal circuit, providing new insights into the origin and pathogenesis of endometriosis.…”