Serum albumin

Rothschild, Marcus A.; Oratz, Murray; Schreiber, Sidney S.

doi:10.1002/hep.1840080234

Cited by 404 publications

(296 citation statements)

References 236 publications

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“…Although nutrition has been considered one of the most important factors regulating albumin synthesis (Rothschild et al, 1988), the presence of comorbid conditions has been considered as the most frequent cause of hypoalbuminemia in the elderly (Friedman et al, 1985). In fact, it has not been clarified how much the relationship between hypoalbuminemia and mortality could depend either on malnutrition or on a condition of severe illness and comorbidity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The level of these nutritional markers could be also modified by non-nutritional conditions as inflammatory states (Corti et al, 1994), which have an increased prevalence with advancing age. Low values of albumin can be related to protein-wasting syndromes, hepatic disease or alterations of hydration state (Rothschild et al, 1988). Prealbumin and RBP are negative acute-phase proteins, since they decrease during the days following an acute stress (Omran and Morley, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of visceral proteins in detecting malnutrition in the elderly

et al. 2005

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Objective: In the clinical practice, visceral proteins are used as indirect markers of protein energy malnutrition (PEM), but their reliability could be reduced with advancing age. The aim of this work is to investigate the reliability of albumin, prealbumin, retinol-binding protein (RBP) and transferrin in evaluating nutritional status in old patients and their relationship with fat-free mass (FFM). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Padua, Italy. Subjects: In 44 underweight (body mass indexo20 kg/m 2 ) (66-97 years) and 69 normal weight or overweight elderly subjects (62-98 years), albumin, prealbumin, transferrin and RBP were determined in the plasma. Body composition and particularly FFM was obtained by dual X-ray absorptiometry. FFM was also expressed as FFM index (FFMI) calculated as FFM divided by height squared. Subjects affected by acute illnesses and inflammatory states were excluded. Results: Albumin, prealbumin and RBP mean values were significantly lower in underweight subjects. No differences between two groups were found for transferrin. Albumin prealbumin and RBP resulted under the normal range in 55, 25 and 54% of underweight subjects, respectively. Transferrin's values were low in about 40% of underweight and normal weight subjects, respectively. In all subjects, FFMI shows a significant correlation with albumin (r: 0.52), prealbumin (r: 0.64) and RBP (r: 0.57). No correlation between FFMI and transferrin was found. Conclusions: Visceral proteins, except for transferrin, seem to be useful indexes in detecting malnutrition in the elderly; low values still in the normal range should also be carefully evaluated because they could suggest a poor nutritional status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of visceral proteins in detecting malnutrition in the elderly

et al. 2005

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“…Its functions include maintaining osmotic pressure and transporting a variety of circulating molecules. 3,4 Serum albumin levels are determined by rates of hepatic synthesis and secretion, exchanges between the intra-and extravascular compartments, lymphatic uptake, alterations in volume of distribution (including hemodilution), protein degradation, and body losses.…”

Section: General Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reassessment of Albumin as a Nutritional Marker in Kidney Disease

Friedman¹,

Fadem

2010

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

309

245

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“…This quantitative analysis will focus on binding data for r < 3. A best-fit approximation was performed by iteration of binding constants in Eqn (1) to this selection of experimental data [9]. The values for the first two stoichiometric constants, giving this best-fit approximation, are shown in Table 1 Table 1 are included the range of 30 acceptable sets of constants within a probability limit of 0.75.…”

Section: Binding Isothermsfor Luuratc and Myristate To Ulbuminmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic parameters for binding of fatty acids to human serum albumin

Pedersen

Honoré

Brodersen

1990

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Binding of laurate and myristate anions to human serum albumin has been studied over a range of temperatures, 5-37'C, at pH 7.4. The binding curves indicate that the strength of binding of the first few molecules of fatty acid to albumin ( r < 5) decreases with increasing temperature, whereas binding of the following molecules seems to proceed independently of temperature.Binding data were analyzed according to the general binding equation yielding several sets of acceptable binding constants within a probability limit of 0.75. From the temperature dependence of the first step constant, it was possible to calculate values for the changes in enthalpy and entropy during the initial binding step. For the medium-chain fatty acids, laurate and myristate, binding of the first molecule to albumin appeared to be enthalpic, with a tendency to an increasing contribution of entropy to binding energy with increasing chain length of the fatty acid.Serum albumin, being synthesized in the liver, is the most abundant protein in the extracellular fluid. The concentration in human plasma is about 0.6 mM, whereas in the interstitial fluids it varies in the different tissues between 0.2 -0.5 mM [l].Albumin is known to bind a plethora of different compounds including inorganic ions and a multitude of metabolites, hormones, and drugs [2]. These very flexible binding properties constitute the transport function of albumin.Albumin binding of fatty acids which have a low water solubility is important for the energy-metabolizing muscles. The fatty acids are released into the plasma as a result of mobilization of fat from adipose tissue during fasting, stress or exercise, and in plasma the concentration of fatty acids can reach 2.5 mM, i.e. four times the concentration of albumin Estimation of biological responses to varying concentrations of fatty acids therefore necessitates evaluation of multiple equilibria between fatty acids and albumin. Results, as well as difficulties, from this type of investigation have recently been reviewed by Spector [3, 41. We have introduced a dialysis method allowing determination of the concentration of unbound fatty acid anion by measuring the rate of exchange of labelled fatty acid across a dialysis membrane under conditions of equilibrium [5, 61. With this method we have obtained solubility data for different fatty acids and established binding isotherms for multiple equilibria between albumin and lauric acid [6] as well as myristic acid [7].In the present paper we extend this investigation by studying the effect of temperature on the binding curves in an attempt to estimate changes of enthalpy and entropy on binding of the anions of lauric and myristic acid to human serum albumin.131.

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Serum albumin

Cited by 404 publications

References 236 publications

Role of visceral proteins in detecting malnutrition in the elderly

Role of visceral proteins in detecting malnutrition in the elderly

Reassessment of Albumin as a Nutritional Marker in Kidney Disease

Thermodynamic parameters for binding of fatty acids to human serum albumin

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