Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> is related to physical activity and ethnicity but not obesity in a multicultural workforce

Scragg, Robert; Holdaway, I. M.; Singh, Vijay Kumar; Metcalf, Patricia; Baker, John; Dryson, Evan

doi:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1995.tb01526.x

Cited by 172 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Thus, the sizes of the measured effects are most likely insufficient to achieve vitamin D status above 75 nmol/l in Québec youth. Similar to other studies (Scragg et al, 1992(Scragg et al, , 1995Giovannucci et al, 2006), we found that physical activity, some of it likely occurring outdoors, was associated with vitamin D status. The magnitude of change in physical activity required to meaningfully increase vitamin D levels, however, is large.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The association between excess body fat and lower plasma 25(OH)D concentrations, however, might be confounded by the negative association between weight status and physical activity (Patrick et al, 2004;Ness et al, 2007). In adults, physical activity has been associated with higher vitamin D status in NHANES III (Scragg and Camargo, 2008) as well as in other studies in adults (Scragg et al, 1992;Scragg et al, 1995;Giovannucci et al, 2006), but this has not been examined in youth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Higher vitamin D intake is needed to achieve serum 25(OH)D levels greater than 50 nmol/l in Québec youth at high risk of obesity

et al. 2011

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Background/Objectives: Vitamin D levels are often observed to be low in Canadian youth, despite the mandatory fortification of fluid milk. We identified modifiable correlates of plasma vitamin D concentrations to inform public health efforts to remediate low-vitamin D status. Subjects/Methods: We recruited 159 children aged 8-11 years, who were at at high risk of obesity, non-systematically during different seasons. Vitamin D status was assessed by measuring plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) using a radioimmunoassay. Dietary intake, including vitamin supplements, was measured using three dietitian-administered 24 h diet recalls. Fat mass was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Accelerometers were worn for 7 days to estimate physical activity. Independent correlates of plasma 25(OH)D concentrations were identified using multiple regression in an analysis controlling for season of measurement.Results: Approximately, 7% of youth had hypovitaminosis D (25(OH)D p37.5 nmol/l) during winter and spring when vitamin D levels are at their nadir. Only 55% of participants had vitamin D levels, which the Institute of Medicine considers optimal (25(OH)D 450 nmol/l). The mean dietary vitamin D intake, 6.6 mcg, was well below current recommendations set at 15 mcg. A serving increase in milk consumption and a s.d. increase in physical activity were associated with only a 2.9 and 2.1 nmol/l increase in plasma 25(OH)D, respectively. There was no association between 25(OH)D and adiposity. Conclusions: Our results indicate the challenges of obtaining adequate vitamin D intake from the current food supply to support a level of 25(OD)D 450 nmol/l.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Higher vitamin D intake is needed to achieve serum 25(OH)D levels greater than 50 nmol/l in Québec youth at high risk of obesity

et al. 2011

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“…Vitamin D is an essential nutrient for calcium homeostasis, which is largely consumed as vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) or D3 (cholecalciferol). Accumulating data indicate that people with impaired glucose tolerance (16,28) and diabetes (12,16,28) have lower concentrations of vitamin D compared with those with normal glucose tolerance. Also, low concentrations of vitamin D are associated with ␤-cell dysfunction and impaired insulin secretion and action (4,16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Calcium, Vitamin D, and the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged and Older U.S. Women

et al. 2005

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OBJECTIVE -To examine whether and to what extent intakes of calcium and vitamin D are related to the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged or older women.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -We analyzed data from 10,066 women aged Ն45 years participating in the Women's Health Study who were free of cardiovascular disease, cancer, or diabetes and who never used postmenopausal hormones. We used multiple logistic regression models to estimate multivariable odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs comparing different dietary intake levels of calcium and vitamin D.RESULTS -In age-and calorie-adjusted analyses, higher intakes of total, dietary, and supplemental calcium were significantly and inversely associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. After further adjusting for smoking status, exercise, alcohol intake, multivitamin use, and parental history of myocardial infarction before age 60 years, the ORs of having the metabolic syndrome for increasing quintiles of total calcium intake were 1.00 (reference), 0.82 (95% CI 0.70 -0.97), 0.84 (0.71-0.99), 0.70 (0.59 -0.83), and 0.64 (0.54 -0.77) (P for trend Ͻ0.0001). This association was not appreciably altered by additional adjustment for other dietary factors or total vitamin D intake. In contrast, neither total (P for trend ϭ 0.13) nor supplemental (P for trend ϭ 0.45) vitamin D was significantly associated with metabolic syndrome. Dietary vitamin D was inversely associated with prevalence of metabolic syndrome but was not independent of total calcium intake. Similar strong relations between intakes of dairy products and metabolic syndrome were also observed. After adjustment for lifestyle and dietary factors, the multivariable ORs comparing highest with lowest intake categories were 0.66 (0.55-0.80) (P for trend Ͻ0.0001) for total dairy products and 0.85 (0.71-1.02) (P for trend ϭ 0.05) for total milk intake.CONCLUSIONS -Our results indicate that intakes of calcium and dairy products may be associated with lower prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and older women. Diabetes Care 28:2926 -2932, 2005R ecent studies (1-3) have shown that dairy consumption is inversely associated with body weight, hypertension, glucose homeostasis, and type 2 diabetes. Although the underlying mechanisms remain incomplete, calcium and vitamin D, two major components of dairy products, have been postulated to be primarily responsible for the beneficial effect of dairy consumption on body weight and insulin sensitivity (4 -6). Intracellular calcium can act directly on adipocytes to regulate lipid metabolism and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and storage (7). Some studies have indicated that dietary calcium intake may have favorable effects on body weight (2,5), hypertension (1), and coronary heart disease (8,9).Vitamin D repletion improves insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in animal studies (10,11). An association between vitamin D deficiency and ␤-cell dysfunction has been reported in healthy and glucose-tolerant subjects (4), nondiabetic people (6), and patients with type 2 di...

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“…Serum 25OHD 3 levels were significantly lower in Pacific Islanders and Maoris compared to Europeans, after making adjustments for age, sex, and time of the year [16]. Obese African-Americans are at an especially high risk of vitamin D deficiency compared to Caucasian-Americans [17][18].…”

Section: Racial Factorsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Vitamin D and Obesity

Lương¹,

Nguyễn²

2012

Med Chem

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Objective: The prevalence of overweight and obesity is considered an important public issue in the United States and is increasing among both children and adults. There is evidence of aberrations in the vitamin D-endocrine system in obese subjects. Therefore, we will review the role of vitamin D in the adipose tissue. Methods Conclusion:Vitamin D plays a role in the regulation of adipose tissue. Obese individuals may need higher doses of vitamin D supplementation than do lean individuals to achieve optimal levels of 25OHD 3 .Calcitriol modulates adipokine expression and inhibits anti-inflammatory cytokine expression. Calcitriol definitely has a role in the human adipose tissue because of its active form of vitamin D 3 metabolite, their receptors presented in adipocytes, and itse suppression of PTH levels.

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Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D₃ is related to physical activity and ethnicity but not obesity in a multicultural workforce

Abstract: People with increased skin pigmentation, such as Polynesians, and people who are inactive, have decreased body levels of vitamin D; this might partly explain their increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

Cited by 172 publications

References 33 publications

Higher vitamin D intake is needed to achieve serum 25(OH)D levels greater than 50 nmol/l in Québec youth at high risk of obesity

Higher vitamin D intake is needed to achieve serum 25(OH)D levels greater than 50 nmol/l in Québec youth at high risk of obesity

Dietary Calcium, Vitamin D, and the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged and Older U.S. Women

Vitamin D and Obesity

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Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 is related to physical activity and ethnicity but not obesity in a multicultural workforce

Abstract: People with increased skin pigmentation, such as Polynesians, and people who are inactive, have decreased body levels of vitamin D; this might partly explain their increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

Cited by 172 publications

References 33 publications

Higher vitamin D intake is needed to achieve serum 25(OH)D levels greater than 50 nmol/l in Québec youth at high risk of obesity

Higher vitamin D intake is needed to achieve serum 25(OH)D levels greater than 50 nmol/l in Québec youth at high risk of obesity

Dietary Calcium, Vitamin D, and the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged and Older U.S. Women

Vitamin D and Obesity

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Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D₃ is related to physical activity and ethnicity but not obesity in a multicultural workforce