We report on SERS probes based on silver nanopolyhedra which are integrated onto the tapered tip of an optical fiber, using a simple and effective autoclave reaction method. The SERS detection resultsshow that the tapered fiber probe has an optimal cone angle and its detection limit for 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) aqueous solution has reached as low as 10 À9 M.Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a non-destructive and powerful technique that can provide vibrational spectroscopic fingerprints from chemical and biological species. 1 The SERS effect relies on the enhancement of electromagnetic fields around metal nanostructures (typically silver and gold) to drastically increase the Raman signal of molecules in the proximity of the nanostructures. 2 Usually, the SERS spectrum is measured using an SERS substrate with noble metal nanocrystals placed on a planar platform (such as a glass slide or a silicon wafer). 2,3 Compared with the traditional SERS substrates, optical fibers provide an ideal platform for detecting the SERS signal of analytes in remote locations and for probing small samples and confined spaces, offering the ability to apply in situ chemical sensing and in vivo biosensing. 4 Moreover, they can simplify the optical alignment and enhance the SERS excitation and collection efficiencies while being relatively cheap and easily obtainable. 5 Generally, fiber SERS probes are applied to molecular detection and identification using a so-called ''optrode'' configuration, 6 in which a single optical fiber transmits both the excitation light to the sample and the backscattered SERS signal to the spectrometer; the metallic SERS-active nanostructures are fabricated directly at the end of the excitation fiber.The several approaches that have been used for preparing fiber SERS probes can be broadly divided into three categories: noble metal evaporation or sputtering, 7,8 immobilization of silver or gold colloids, 9,10 and laser-induced deposition of the noble metal. 11,12 Although successful in generating a SERS response, only noble metal thin films or nanoparticles can be obtained on the fiber probe by these methods, and hence the fiber probes have limited Raman sensitivity. Both theoretical and experimental studies have proved that the SERS effect greatly depends on the shape, the dimension, the size, and the composition of the metallic nanostructure. 3,13 As is known, the autoclave reaction method has undergone rapid progress over the past two decades and has developed as a simple and versatile route to prepare nanomaterials with controlled sizes, shapes and surface structures. 14 Inspired by its success in nanotechnology, it should be possible to extend this method to fabricate various fiber probes based on SERS-active nanostructures with the desired size and morphology to achieve high SERS sensitivities. Especially compared to the conventional approaches for the fabrication of fiber SERS probes, this method is more desirable to control nucleation and growth behaviour by varying the experimental parameters...