Serratia marcescens infections in neonatal departments: description of an outbreak and review of the literature

Ogtrop, M L van; Zoeren‐Grobben, Diny van; Verbakel-Salomons, E.M.A.; Boven, C. P. A. van

doi:10.1016/s0195-6701(97)90115-8

Cited by 77 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…marcescens is a well-recognized, hospital-acquired pathogen, and outbreaks in neonatal units have been previously described (6,9,17,19,30). Usually, one clone is associated with an outbreak and in the study by Jang et al, for instance, it was easy to determine an epidemiological link (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of an Automated Repetitive-Sequence-Based PCR Instrument versus Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis in the Setting of a Serratia marcescens Nosocomial Infection Outbreak

et al. 2010

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A semiautomated, repetitive-sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) instrument (DiversiLab system) was evaluated in comparison with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to investigate an outbreak of Serratia marcescens infections in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). A selection of 36 epidemiologically related and 8 epidemiologically unrelated isolates was analyzed. Among the epidemiologically related isolates, PFGE identified five genetically unrelated patterns. Thirty-two isolates from patients and wet nurses showed the same PFGE profile (pattern A). Genetically unrelated PFGE patterns were found in one patient (pattern B), in two wet nurses (patterns C and D), and in an environmental isolate from the NICU (pattern G). Rep-PCR identified seven different patterns, three of which included the 32 isolates of PFGE type A. One or two band differences in isolates of these three types allowed isolates to be categorized as similar and included in a unique cluster. Isolates of different PFGE types were also of unrelated rep-PCR types. All of the epidemiologically unrelated isolates were of different PFGE and rep-PCR types. The level of discrimination exhibited by rep-PCR with the DiversiLab system allowed us to conclude that this method was able to identify genetic similarity in a spatio-temporal cluster of S. marcescens isolates.Concerns regarding the emergence of hospital-acquired infections, increasing antimicrobial resistance, and the increase in morbidity, mortality, and costs associated with these infections drive the need for refinement of molecular approaches to aid in the diagnosis and epidemiological analysis of nosocomial infections.Several methods based on DNA analysis are now available that provide information about the genetic relatedness of isolates of the same species (26). These DNA-based molecular methodologies include pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), PCR-based typing methods, and multilocus sequence analysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of an Automated Repetitive-Sequence-Based PCR Instrument versus Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis in the Setting of a Serratia marcescens Nosocomial Infection Outbreak

et al. 2010

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“…From these pediatric nosocomial infection studies, many environmental sources or point sources have been found as reservoirs for S. marcescens, including hands of health care workers and exposure to health care workers (14,156,198,249,267,362,393,396,423), contaminated breast milk, formula, and breast pumps (133,156,204,274,393), contaminated parenteral nutrition (18), an infected neonate as the index patient or colonization of hospitalized infants (28,63,100,148,238,269,270,275,338,362,400), equipment such as incubators (28,198), laryngoscopes (95,204), suction tubes, soap dispensers (52), and waste jars (393), air conditioning ducts (387), contaminated hand brushes (7), contaminated disinfectants and soap (14,52,76,258,313,396), cotton wool pads (137), multidose nebulizer dropper bottles (215), and multidose medications (133).…”

Section: S Marcescensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serratia Infections: from Military Experiments to Current Practice

2011

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SUMMARY Serratia species, in particular Serratia marcescens , are significant human pathogens. S. marcescens has a long and interesting taxonomic, medical experimentation, military experimentation, and human clinical infection history. The organisms in this genus, particularly S. marcescens , were long thought to be nonpathogenic. Because S. marcescens was thought to be a nonpathogen and is usually red pigmented, the U.S. military conducted experiments that attempted to ascertain the spread of this organism released over large areas. In the process, members of both the public and the military were exposed to S. marcescens , and this was uncovered by the press in the 1970s, leading to U.S. congressional hearings. S. marcescens was found to be a certain human pathogen by the mid-1960s. S. marcescens and S. liquefaciens have been isolated as causative agents of numerous outbreaks and opportunistic infections, and the association of these organisms with point sources such as medical devices and various solutions given to hospitalized patients is striking. Serratia species appear to be common environmental organisms, and this helps to explain the large number of nosocomial infections due to these bacteria. Since many nosocomial infections are caused by multiply antibiotic-resistant strains of S. marcescens , this increases the danger to hospitalized patients, and hospital personnel should be vigilant in preventing nosocomial outbreaks due to this organism. S. marcescens , and probably other species in the genus, carries several antibiotic resistance determinants and is also capable of acquiring resistance genes. S. marcescens and S. liquefaciens are usually identified well in the clinical laboratory, but the other species are rare enough that laboratory technologists may not recognize them. 16S rRNA gene sequencing may enable better identification of some of the less common Serratia species.

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“…S. marcescens causes a wide spectrum of infections such as pneumonia, meningitis, septicemia, urinary tract infection, endocarditis, conjunctivitis, and wound infection (21,63). Despite numerous reported S. marcescens infections and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains (21,62), the virulence mechanisms of this organism are poorly understood. S. marcescens secretes many known extracellular proteins, including chitinase, lecithinase, hemolysin, siderophore, lipase, protease, and nuclease (5,22).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serratia marcescensSerralysin Induces Inflammatory Responses through Protease-Activated Receptor 2

Kida¹,

Inoue

Shimizu³

et al. 2007

Infect Immun

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The Serratia marcescens-derived protease serralysin is considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of infection. Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) is activated by trypsin and also several other trypsin-like serine proteases, leading to the modulation of inflammatory and immune responses. However, little is known about the activation of PAR-2 by bacterial proteases and its roles in bacterial infection. In this study, we investigated whether S. marcescens serralysin activates host inflammatory responses through PAR-2. Our results demonstrated that serralysin induces interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 mRNA expression in a human lung squamous cell carcinoma, EBC-l cells. In addition, serralysin activated activator protein 1 (AP-1)

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Serratia marcescens infections in neonatal departments: description of an outbreak and review of the literature

Cited by 77 publications

References 19 publications

Comparative Evaluation of an Automated Repetitive-Sequence-Based PCR Instrument versus Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis in the Setting of a Serratia marcescens Nosocomial Infection Outbreak

Comparative Evaluation of an Automated Repetitive-Sequence-Based PCR Instrument versus Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis in the Setting of a Serratia marcescens Nosocomial Infection Outbreak

Serratia Infections: from Military Experiments to Current Practice

Serratia marcescensSerralysin Induces Inflammatory Responses through Protease-Activated Receptor 2

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