Serpentine-smectite Interstratified Minerals From Lower Silesia (SW Poland)

Sakharov, B. A.; Dubińska, Elzibieta; Bylina, Paweł; Kozubowski, J.; Kaproń, Grzegorz; Frontczak-Baniewicz, Małgorzata

doi:10.1346/000986004772901980

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Comparison of thin sections of this whitish subunit (A″) and the underlying greenish subunit (A′) shows the presence of iron oxide and clay coatings around the quartz grains in the latter, which suggests that vertical transport of clay has taken place from unit A″ into unit A′. The clay minerals in the basal subunit (A′) contain defective chlorite, which is considered as an intermediate step in the alteration of chlorite to smectite (Sakharov et al ., ; Velde and Meunier, ).…”

Section: Stratigraphy and Geomorphology Of The Sediment–soil Sequencementioning

confidence: 99%

Late Quaternary (15 ka to present) development of a sandy landscape in the Mol area, Campine region, north‐east Belgium

Beerten

Vandersmissen

Deforce

et al. 2014

J Quaternary Science

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The geomorphological analysis of two sections cut into a sandy landscape in north-east Belgium enabled the establishment of a chronology for a sequence of events during the last 15 ka that illustrate the polycyclical nature of the evolution of such landscapes. Field descriptions, analytical sediment and soil characterization, and pollen analysis are combined with the optically stimulated luminescence dating method to unravel the recent geomorphological history of the investigated site. The principal results include apparently discontinuous sand deposition between $15 and 12 ka, landscape stabilization and Podzol formation between $12 and 1 ka, the development of a drift sand landscape between $650 and 200 a, and renewed stabilization over the last two centuries. The results are discussed in the light of climate, land-use and vegetation changes and compared with findings at similar sites in the European Sand Belt.Ã Water content (wt%) based on measurements and calculations in various sandy soils in the Mol-Dessel area Beerten and Mallants, 2011). † Relative standard deviation (%) of the equivalent dose based on all aliquots that passed the criteria for recycling and recuperation. ‡ Number of accepted aliquots for equivalent dose determination (out of 24).

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Section: Stratigraphy and Geomorphology Of The Sediment–soil Sequencementioning

confidence: 99%

Late Quaternary (15 ka to present) development of a sandy landscape in the Mol area, Campine region, north‐east Belgium

Beerten

Vandersmissen

Deforce

et al. 2014

J Quaternary Science

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“…This behaviour is typical for a defective chlorite in which the interlayer sheet is incomplete, resulting in poor resistance to heat treatment. Such ''defective chlorite'' has been described as an Fe-rich tri-octahedral mineral (Renngarten et al, 1978;Varentsov et al, 1983;Sakharov et al, 2004). In addition, the diffraction patterns of the heattreated (550ºC for 1 h) slides of the Ca-form demonstrate the presence of a randomly interstratified chlorite-smectite phase in some of the samples (e.g.…”

Section: Clay-mineral Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative and quantitative mineralogical composition of the Rupelian Boom Clay in Belgium

et al. 2015

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The Boom Clay Formation of early Oligocene age, which occurs underground in northern Belgium, has been studied intensively for decades as a potential host rock for the disposal of nuclear waste. The goal of the present study is to determine a reference composition for the Boom Clay using both literature methods and methods developed during this work. The study was carried out on 20 samples, representative of the lithological variability of the formation. The bulk-rock composition was obtained by X-ray diffraction using a combined full-pattern summation and singlepeak quantification method. Siliciclastics vary from 27 to 72 wt.%, clay minerals with 25–71 wt.% micas, 0–4 wt.% carbonates, 2–4 wt.% accessory minerals (mainly pyrite and anatase) and 0.5–3.5 wt.% organic matter. This bulk-rock composition was validated independently by majorelement chemical analysis. The detailed composition of the clay-sized fraction was determined by modelling of the oriented X-ray diffraction patterns, using a larger sigma star (σ*) value for discrete smectite than for the other clay minerals. The <2 μm clay mineralogy of the Boom Clay is qualitatively homogeneous; it contains 14–25 wt.% illite, 19–39 wt.% smectite, 19–42 wt.% randomly interstratified illite-smectite with about 65% illite layers, 5–12 wt.% kaolinite, 4–17 wt.% randomly interstratified kaolinite-smectite and 2–7 wt.% chloritic minerals (chlorite, “defective” chlorite and interstratified chlorite-smectite). All modelled clay mineral proportions were verified independently using major-element chemistry and cation exchange capacity measurements. Bulkrock and clay mineral analysis results were combined to obtain the overall detailed quantitative composition of the Boom Clay Formation.

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“…A solid arrow indicates a significant misfit between the experimental and calculated patterns as compared to the optimum fit reported in Figure 2. Other notations and labels are as in Figure 2. samples collected at different depths and temperatures (Drits et al 1997a(Drits et al , 2002a(Drits et al , 2002bSakharov et al 1999aSakharov et al , 1999bSakharov et al , 2004Lindgreen et al 2000Lindgreen et al , 2002Claret et al 2004;McCarty et al 2004McCarty et al , 2008McCarty et al , 2009Inoue et al 2005;Aplin et al 2006;Lanson et al 2009;Ferrage et al 2011b). Similarly, the behavior of smectitic layers can be assessed as a function of relative humidity (Cases et al 1992(Cases et al , 1997Bérend et al 1995;Ferrage et al 2005aFerrage et al , 2007cFerrage et al , 2010, temperature (Ferrage et al 2007a(Ferrage et al , 2007b, or chemical medium (Claret et al 2002;Ferrage et al 2005cFerrage et al , 2005d.…”

Section: Assessment Of the Proposed Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the last decade, this approach has proved to be successful in the characterization of complex clay parageneses as well as in the understanding of the transformation mechanisms involved in diagenetic and hydrothermal series (Drits et al 1997a(Drits et al , 2002a(Drits et al , 2002bSakharov et al 1999aSakharov et al , 1999bSakharov et al , 2004Lindgreen et al 2000Lindgreen et al , 2002Claret et al 2004;McCarty et al 2004McCarty et al , 2008McCarty et al , 2009Inoue et al 2005;Aplin et al 2006;Lanson et al 2009). Because several structural models may fit a given experimental pattern equally well, the best solution is given by the multispecimen method (Sakharov et al 1999a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling complex <2 m clay mineralogy from soils using X-ray diffraction profile modeling on particle-size sub-fractions: Implications for soil pedogenesis and reactivity

Hubert

Caner

Meunier

et al. 2012

American Mineralogist

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A specific methodology was developed to refine the complex clay mineralogy commonly encountered in soil environments. The soil examined was a Cambisol developed into a ferralitic paleosol. The sample was split into four sub-fractions of different particle sizes (<0.05, 0.05-0.1, 0.1-0.2, and 0.2-2 µm), and their respective mass contributions to the overall <2 µm clay fraction were determined. For each sub-fraction, X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were modeled using a trial-and-error approach based on the direct comparison of experimental and calculated profiles. Quantitative information derived from the fitting procedure for the different sub-fractions allowed for the determination of the complex mineralogy of the <2 µm clay fraction through the identification and quantification of eight clay phases. The results show that the finest and most reactive clay fraction (<0.05 µm) was totally hidden in the XRD pattern of the <2 µm fraction, the fraction commonly considered in soil mineralogical analyses. Similarly, this procedure revealed the presence of illite-smectite-chlorite and kaolinite-illite mixed-layer minerals seldom described in soil literature using classical methods. The use of this methodology improved our understanding of the pedogenesis of this soil through the identification and quantification of clay phases structural properties. The analysis of the evolution of structural parameters with particle size allowed for the detection of local modifications in the interlayer composition of expandable and hydroxy-interlayered vermiculite layers. Following this approach, key information can be derived to determine subtle changes in clay mineralogical composition that are related to microorganism and/or plant activity.

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Serpentine-smectite Interstratified Minerals From Lower Silesia (SW Poland)

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Late Quaternary (15 ka to present) development of a sandy landscape in the Mol area, Campine region, north‐east Belgium

Late Quaternary (15 ka to present) development of a sandy landscape in the Mol area, Campine region, north‐east Belgium

Qualitative and quantitative mineralogical composition of the Rupelian Boom Clay in Belgium

Unraveling complex <2 m clay mineralogy from soils using X-ray diffraction profile modeling on particle-size sub-fractions: Implications for soil pedogenesis and reactivity

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