Serotypes of Pasteurella anatipestifer Isolated from Commercial White Pekin Ducks in the United States

Sandhu, T. S.; Harry, E.G.

doi:10.2307/1589941

Cited by 38 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Serotypes 1, 2, 3, 5, and 15 are most prevalent in outbreaks of septicemia anserum exsudativa (6,20,28,35,41). The occurrence of more than one R. anatipestifer serotype in infected ducks at any one time and changes in serotypes from year to year within a single farm have been observed (41).…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Predominant Immunogenic Outer Membrane Protein of Riemerella anatipestifer

Subramaniam

Huang

Loh

et al. 2000

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol

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The ompA gene, encoding the 42-kDa major antigenic outer membrane protein OmpA of Riemerella anatipestifer, the etiololgical agent of septicemia anserum exsudativa, was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Recombinant OmpA displayed a molecular mass similar to that predicted from the nucleotide sequence of the ompA gene but lower than that observed in total cell lysates of R. anatipestifer. The ompA gene showed a conserved C-terminal region comprising the OmpA-like domain and a variable N-terminal region. This structure is similar to those of the analogous outer membrane proteins of several gram-negative bacteria. However, OmpA of R. anatipestifer contains six EF-hand calcium-binding domains and two PEST regions, which distinguish it from other outer membrane proteins. The occurrence of these motifs in OmpA suggests a possible role in virulence for this protein. The ompA gene is present in the R. anatipestifer type strain and in all serotype reference strains. However, it exhibits some minor genetic heterogeneity among different serotypes, which seems not to affect the strong antigenic characteristics of the protein. OmpA is a conserved and strong antigenic determinant of R. anatipestifer and hence is suggested to be a valuable protein for the serodetection of R. anatipestifer infections, independent of their serotype.Riemerella anatipestifer is a gram-negative, nonmotile, nonspore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium (37). It belongs to the family Flavobacteriaceae in rRNA superfamily V, based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses (40). It is the etiological agent of septicemia anserum exsudativa, an enzootic, contagious, often primary septicemic disease of domesticated ducklings (2, 21). The disease causes a serious problem in the duck industry and has a worldwide distribution (18). Endemic infections are restricted to commercial duck and turkey flocks, but other poultry species such as chicken and geese are also susceptible to the infection. In Singapore and other countries of southeast Asia, R. anatipestifer infection has been a continued problem in the intensive production of meat ducks since 1982 (41). Mortality and morbidity rates are usually between 10 and 30% but mortality of as high as 75% has been recorded in infected duck farms.Slide and tube agglutination tests with antisera differentiate 21 serotypes of R. anatipestifer (23,28). Serotypes 1, 2, 3, 5, and 15 are most prevalent in outbreaks of septicemia anserum exsudativa (6,20,28,35,41). The occurrence of more than one R. anatipestifer serotype in infected ducks at any one time and changes in serotypes from year to year within a single farm have been observed (41). Strong variations of virulence as assessed by mortality and morbidity rates in outbreaks have been reported for the different serotypes of R. anatipestifer. In addition, differences in virulence were also observed within a given serotype (8). However, the molecular bases for these differences are unknown, since no virulence factors of R. anatipestifer have been yet found. Thus far, fibrinolyt...

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Predominant Immunogenic Outer Membrane Protein of Riemerella anatipestifer

Subramaniam

Huang

Loh

et al. 2000

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol

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“…The degree of specificity of the assay was demonstrated in that antisera known to contain agglutinating antibodies to other generically unrelated bacterial antigens, gave no responses exceeding the base line cut-off point for the assay. Sandhu and Harry (1981) demonstrated cross-reactions of homologous anti-P. anatipestifer antisera to some P. anatipestifer antigens in the AGP method, although they found no P. anatipestifer type 1 and 2 cross-reacting precipitating antibodies. However, anti-f. anatipestifer type 1 antiserum was shown to react with P. anatipestifer type 2 antigen in the ELISA, indicating the existence of cross-reacting non-precipitating antibodies not demonstrable by the AGP test.…”

Section: Days Alter Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Development of an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of humoral antibody topasteurella anatipestifer

Hatfield¹,

Morris

Henry³

1987

Avian Pathology

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SUMMARYAn enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies to Pasteurella anatipestifer in duck sera is described. As part of the initial assay development, micro-titration plates from different manufacturers were assayed for their suitability to bind P. anatipestifer antigen. The Nunc Immunopiate II was chosen, on account of its overall reproducibility (5.5% coefficient of variation) and the absence of an edge effect. Optimum concentrations of reagents were determined and the inclusion of 1.0M NaCl in the wash buffer was found to reduce non-specific binding and increase assay sensitivity. The assay is specific in that antibodies were detected only in those ducks either exposed to or following vaccination with P. anatipestifer; sera from ducks immunised with other heterologous bacterial antigens, and having agglutinating antibodies to them, gave no detectable response in the ELISA. Between-assay coefficients of variation for the quality control serum pools representing high, medium and low levels of antibodies to P. anatipestifer were 6.8%, 8.3% and 8.6% respectively. A precision-dose profile was derived. A graph of absorbance versus log 2 serum end point titre showed a linear relationship (r = 0.99) over the range investigated. The derived regression line (P<0.001) was used to transform the absorbance measurement obtained for a single 1:100 dilution of serum into a log 2 titre value.It was demonstrated that the ELISA is a much superior method to rapid slide agglutination and agar gel precipitin tests in measuring antibody responses to exposure against P. anatipestifer type 2.

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“…Serotype identity was established by the plate agglutination and agar-gel precipitin tests (Sandhu & Harry, 1981). One strain of each serotype was selected for use in this study.…”

Section: Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has also been reported in geese, swans, turkeys, pheasants and chickens (Sandhu, 1986). Several serotypes of PA have been reported from ducks (Harry, 1969;Heddleston, 1975;Sandhu & Harry, 1981;Bisgaard, 1982). There is very little or no cross-protection amongst the serotypes 1, 2 and 5 which account for the majority of outbreaks in domestic ducks in the United States (Sandhu, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity and safety of a livePasteurella anatipestifervaccine in White Pekin ducklings: Laboratory and field trials

Sandhu

1991

Avian Pathology

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SUMMARYOral or aerosol administration of a live trivalent Pasteurella anatipestifer (PA) vaccine (serotypes 1, 2 and 5) gave significant protection against homologous challenges in White Pekin ducklings. Vaccination of one-day-old ducklings by either method provided protection for at least 42 days of age (last challenge). The vaccine did not cause any untoward signs or mortality in one-day-old ducklings exposed to ten times the recommended dose.The vaccine strains did not revert to virulence on 10 back-passages. However, they were reisolated from tracheas and sinuses of the contact-exposed ducklings which were also resistant to challenge with homologous serotype. Feeding of chlortetracycline (0.044%) or sulphadimethoxine-ormetoprim (0.02%) for first 2 weeks of age had no adverse effect on efficacy of the vaccine.The vaccine was found to be both safe and efficacious in field trials in which one-day-old ducklings were exposed by aerosol in the hatcher.

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Serotypes of Pasteurella anatipestifer Isolated from Commercial White Pekin Ducks in the United States

Cited by 38 publications

References 5 publications

Characterization of a Predominant Immunogenic Outer Membrane Protein of Riemerella anatipestifer

Characterization of a Predominant Immunogenic Outer Membrane Protein of Riemerella anatipestifer

Development of an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of humoral antibody topasteurella anatipestifer

Immunogenicity and safety of a livePasteurella anatipestifervaccine in White Pekin ducklings: Laboratory and field trials

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