Serotonin, the superior colliculus, and grooming behavior in cats with neocortical lesions.

Elbin, John; Randall, Walter

doi:10.1037/h0077324

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The L-dopa injections in the present study, as in previous studies (e.g., Randall & Trulson, 1974), were without effect, and the tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor alpha-methyltyrosine does not induce grooming reflexes in normal cats that have been pretreated with PCPA . Furthermore, noradrenaline is without effect when injected into the superior colliculi, whereas when either 5-HTP or serotonin is injected, the size of the receptive field is significantly decreased (Elbin & Randall, 1977). In the present study, no change in the content of hippocampal noradrenaline was detected in the group with raphe lesions.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…Cats with pontile or neocortical lesions have grooming reflexes and less serotonin in the superior colliculi (Trulson, 1976). Furthermore, the grooming reflexes induced by pontile or neocortical lesions are abolished with local injections of serotonin in the superior colliculi (e.g., Elbin & Randall, 1977). Thus, the amount of serotonin in the superior colliculi appears to be an important variable for grooming reflexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A two-factor hypothesis was indicated because we were unable to induce grooming reflexes with PCPA administration alone or with adrenalectomy alone but only in combination. In three previous studies (Elbin & Randall, 1977;Randall & Parsons, 1972), 23 adrenalectomized cats were studied and none exhibited grooming reflexes. Eleven of these adrenalectomized cats received PCPA (150 mg/kg of body weight/day), after which receptive fields for grooming reflexes appeared in 3-5 days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our current hypothesis on the physiological bases of grooming reflexes involves the interaction of two factors, serotonin in the superior colliculus and glucocorticoid hormones. Cats with lesion-induced grooming reflexes have a serotonergic deficit in the superior colliculi, and microinjections of serotonin into the superior colliculi abolish the grooming reflexes (Elbin & Randall, 1977). Similarly, a temporal dysfunction in the glucocorticoid rhythm exists, and intramuscular injections of glucocorticoids abolish the grooming reflexes (Randall & Parsons, 1972).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Raphe lesions and 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine induce grooming reflexes in adrenalectomized cats.

Swenson¹,

Randall²

1980

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology

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Grooming reflexes are induced by frontal neocortical, pontile, or spinal lesions in dogs and cats. In intact cats, the combined treatments of adrenalectomy and para-chlorophenylalanine administration induce grooming reflexes. Two other ways of depleting serotonin (with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine and raphe lesions) were combined with adrenalectomy in the present study as further tests that serotonin and glucocorticoid hormones are the critical factors in the induction of grooming reflexes. Because the deficit in serotonin is confined to the superior colhculi in cats with frontal and pontile lesions, 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) was injected directly into the superior colhculi at eight sites, 2 ^g/site (1 ^1 at .5 /ul/min). Electrolytic dc lesions of the dorsal and superior central raphe nuclei were made in another group, and then both groups were adrenalectomized. There were three control groups (a) a group with vehicle injections in the superior colliculi and laporatomies, (b) a group with 5,7-DHT injections in the superior colliculi, and (c) a group with the raphe lesions. Large receptive fields for grooming reflexes occurred only in the groups with combined treatments. Thus the mechanism of induction of grooming reflexes by central nervous system lesions involves independent changes in a hormonal and a neurotransmitter system which combine to effect the change in beh?vior.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Raphe lesions and 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine induce grooming reflexes in adrenalectomized cats.

Swenson¹,

Randall²

1980

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology

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“…The cats with frontal neocortical lesions were used in neurochemical studies and thus were not available for histological study. Reconstructions of the frontal neocortical lesions have been presented (Elbin & Randall, 1977).…”

Section: Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Grooming reflexes and Brown-Séquard epilepsy in cats with pontile lesions.

Randall¹,

Randall²,

Johnson³

1985

Behavioral Neuroscience

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The literature on the relation between the scratch reflex and Brown-Séquard epilepsy in the guinea pig indicates that the scratch reflex is a stimulus-induced myoclonus that is the first component of a complete seizure. Cats with pontile lesions and cats with frontal neocortical lesions exhibit the scratch reflex and other grooming reflexes. The grooming reflexes in cats with pontile lesions develop over a period of a year or more into complete seizures that are similar to Brown-Séquard epilepsy as described for the guinea pig by Brown-Séquard and others. Cinematographic analyses revealed that the scratch reflex in cats with pontile lesions and in cats with frontal neocortical lesions has the same frequency and the same complex spatial and temporal pattern as normal scratching behavior. In addition, the myoclonus of the complete seizures is identified as the scratch reflex, representing a very vigorous and long-lasting afterdischarge. Reconstruction of the pontile lesions indicate that the lateral and rostral portions of the paralemniscal tegmental fields were destroyed along with portions of the pontile gray and pyramidal tract.

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Oral dyskinesia in brain-damaged rats withdrawn from a neuroleptic: Implication for models of tardive dyskinesia

Glassman

1980

Psychopharmacology

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Rats with ablated frontal sensorimotor cortex and one with ablated sensorimotor connections to forebrain showed more vacuous chewing movements following 6-week chronic administration of a neuroleptic than did occipitally damaged rats or normal controls who were treated in the same way. The effect was still present 1 month after withdrawal. It was not clearly enhanced by subsequent treatments. Other behaviors (e.g., walking, rearing, or grooming) were not similarly affected by drug withdrawal. Additional results of terminal probes with amphetamine, apormorphine, and haloperidol are described, including movements labeled 'sham eating', observed only in frontal rats given apomorphine (AP). The results are interpreted in terms of a Jacksonina model of levels of brain organization; such a model may be applicable to tardive dyskinesia, seen in many schizophrenic patients who are maintained on neuroleptics for long periods.

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Serotonin, the superior colliculus, and grooming behavior in cats with neocortical lesions.

Cited by 8 publications

References 44 publications

Raphe lesions and 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine induce grooming reflexes in adrenalectomized cats.

Raphe lesions and 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine induce grooming reflexes in adrenalectomized cats.

Grooming reflexes and Brown-Séquard epilepsy in cats with pontile lesions.

Oral dyskinesia in brain-damaged rats withdrawn from a neuroleptic: Implication for models of tardive dyskinesia

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