Serotonin Receptors in Hippocampus

Berumen, Laura C.; Rodríguez, Angelina; Miledi, Ricardo; Garcı́a-Alcocer, Guadalupe

doi:10.1100/2012/823493

Cited by 141 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…It was isolated, chemically identified as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and named by Rapport andal. in 1948 (Rapport, Green, &Page, 1948;Best, Frederik Nijhout, & Reed, 2010;De Ponti, 2004;Berumen, Rodrıguez, Miledi, & Garcıa-Alcocer, 2012). Initially identified as a vasoconstrictor substance in blood serum, approximately 80-90 percent of the human body's total serotonin is located in the enterochromaffin cells in the gut, where it is used to regulate intestinal movements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Spectrofluorimetric Method for Determining Serotonin: Application to Human Urine

Khonté¹,

Thiaré²,

Diop³

et al. 2015

IJC

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In this present paper, we investigate the development of simple, rapid, accurate, reproducible and sensitive methods for the determination of serotonin (5-HT) in urine. For this purpose stationary fluorescence was used as method. With regard to the analysis of serotonin, the liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) solid phase extraction (SPE) and standard addition procedures were used. Several physicochemical factors affecting the sensitivity of the fluorescence intensity of serotonin were optimized, including the system of solvent (organic, micellar), the pH and the salts. The study of the analytical performances of the method led to very low limits of detection (LOD) varying between 0.1 and 3 ng/mL and to limits of quantification (LOQ) ranging between 0.4 and 10 ng/mL. This confirms the sensitivity of the method. Thus the low values of standard deviations (DRS) (between 0.3 and 6.6%) testify the good reproducibility of the measurements with satisfactory covering rate (89 to 111%). Accordingly, our results show that the spectrofluorimetric method is simple, fast and sensitive and can be applied to the routine analysis and does not require expensive equipment nor tiresome chemical pretreatments.Keywords: serotonin, effects of solvent, method of analysis of fluorescence direct, analysis of urine

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Spectrofluorimetric Method for Determining Serotonin: Application to Human Urine

Khonté¹,

Thiaré²,

Diop³

et al. 2015

IJC

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“…Almost all serotonin receptor subtypes are expressed in hippocampus, which implicates an intricate modulating system. [31] This Implies an integrated connectivity of information which multiple Monoamine receptors and regulation are connected to how information is linked or associated to other information. This affects a process where either everything is connected to existing memory or where nothing is connected and must be connected to achieve Ambiguity Relief.…”

Section: In the Prefrontal Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation and Genetic Foundations of the Brain's "Ambiguity Relief Processes.

AF.¹

2017

IJAR

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This paper focuses on the brain's clarity seeking process, what has been termed as Ambiguity relief process. "Ambiguity relief" has four quantifiable clarity seeking processes each with a predictable set of genes and neurotransmitters working on three different parts of the brain. With observation of the genetic foundations of some brain disorders, it was discovered that there were parallels in the brain's clarity processes. The hypothesis was that the Ambiguity Relief process was directly related to the sequence of taking action on ideas, projects or even buying decisions and this was further tested. Three models, Herrmann Brain Dominance Instrument by Ned Herrmann, Human Dynamics work by Sandra Segal and David Horn, and Temperament and Character work by C. Cloninger were studied in-depth and there was overwhelming evidence that there were consistencies in how people got clarity when faced with solving problems, completing ideas, and understanding new information that did not change regardless of the environment or behavior.Copy Right, IJAR, 2017,. All rights reserved. …………………………………………………………………………………………………….... Introduction:-The purpose of this paper is to simplify the larger scope of "Personality" to specific and consistently predictable functions that support human communication, reduce stress and miscommunication, and easier -more effective cooperation, improve teamwork, while understanding the unique processes humans have to achieve "clarity" and the subsequent requirements for taking action.In the search for an accurate model of "personality" and tools that support the identification of consistent traits that can classify people to improve personal and group effectiveness, it was discovered that multiple models that, while empirically sound, had opposite deductions. In investigating the big five personality traits (Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, Openness), it was found that many of these vary with time, environment and experience. This creates a transient state of "personality" which is inconsistent with the objective of finding consistently predictable functions of specific human behavior. So, the continued began with a presupposition.The presupposition going into this research was that behaviors do change over time and /or according to emotional events in a person's life. It was accepted that a brain's Neuroplasticity (The brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life) can be responsible for modified ingrained behaviors. The objective was to find a set of consistencies that could be applied to a person's overall life and could be applied to better and easier understanding "How" they approach situations, problems and ideas.

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“…Only a small amount of 5-HT is synthesized in brain (5%), whereas 95% is produced by the enterochromafin cells of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 5-HT is synthesized from the essential amino acid l-tryptophan (TRP) to 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) by the enzyme l-tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH)-1 in the brain and TPH-2 in the periphery [2,3]. The activity of these TPH enzymes is the rate-limiting step in the production of 5-HT in both organs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5-HT receptors were identified on different blood cells and in the vessel wall including lymphocytes, endothelial, and smooth muscle cells, respectively, which can respond to 5-HT under certain physiological conditions. These receptors constitute a family of seven different receptor sub-classes: 5-HT 1 (A-F, P, S), 5-HT 2 (A-D), 5-HT 3 , 5-HT 4 , 5-HT 5 , 5-HT 6 , and 5-HT 7 [3,4]. All these receptors belong to the GPCR superfamily with the exception of 5-HT 3 [3], which is a member of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor superfamily and is a ligand-gated ion channel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immuno-Thrombotic Effects of Platelet Serotonin

Mammadova‐Bach¹,

Mauler²,

Braun³

et al. 2017

Serotonin - A Chemical Messenger Between All Types of Living Cells

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Platelets transport and store serotonin at a high concentration in dense granules and release it upon activation. Abnormal serotonin concentrations in the blood plasma or increased platelet serotonin release promote the development of thrombosis, sepsis, allergic asthma, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Consequently, experimental data suggest possible benefits of serotonin receptor blockade or inhibition of platelet serotonin uptake in the indicated human diseases. Here, we highlight the current state of basic biological research regarding the role of platelet serotonin in normal and pathophysiological conditions focusing on thrombotic and inflammatory diseases. We also describe the possible clinical applicability of targeting thrombo-immune-modulatory effects of platelet serotonin to treat common health problems.

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Serotonin Receptors in Hippocampus

Cited by 141 publications

References 156 publications

New Spectrofluorimetric Method for Determining Serotonin: Application to Human Urine

New Spectrofluorimetric Method for Determining Serotonin: Application to Human Urine

Observation and Genetic Foundations of the Brain's "Ambiguity Relief Processes.

Immuno-Thrombotic Effects of Platelet Serotonin

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