Serotonergic Modulation of Locomotor Activity From Basal Vertebrates to Mammals

Flaive, Aurélie; Fougère, Maxime; Zouwen, Cornelis Immanuel van der; Ryczko, Dimitri

doi:10.3389/fncir.2020.590299

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 146 publications

(209 reference statements)

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“…These data suggest that rhythm of 5HT in the SCN of Arvicanthis is endogenous. Finally, both LD and DD 5HT/5HIAA ratios, used as index of serotonin neuronal activity, were higher during the day than during the night, in relation to Arvicanthis activity state, 84 in accordance with Cuesta and colleagues. 40 A similar correlation with arousal has been shown in nocturnal rodents, where 5HT and 5HIAA content and release in the SCN is rhythmic and presents a peak at the beginning of the night (onset of activity).…”

Section: Arvicanthissupporting

confidence: 90%

Bimodal serotonin synthesis in the diurnal rodent, Arvicanthis ansorgei

et al. 2022

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In mammals, behavioral activity is regulated both by the circadian system, orchestrated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), and by arousal structures, including the serotonergic system. While the SCN is active at the same astronomical time in diurnal and nocturnal species, little data are available concerning the serotonergic (5HT) system in diurnal mammals. In this study, we investigated the functioning of the 5HT system, which is involved both in regulating the sleep/wake cycle and in synchronizing the SCN, in a diurnal rodent, Arvicanthis ansorgei. Using in situ hybridization, we characterized the anatomical extension of the raphe nuclei and we investigated 24 h mRNA levels of the serotonin rate‐limiting enzyme, tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (tph2). Under both 12 h:12 h light/dark (LD) and constant darkness (DD) conditions, tph2 mRNA expression varies significantly over 24 h, displaying a bimodal profile with higher values around the (projected) light transitions. Furthermore, we considered several SCN outputs, namely melatonin, corticosterone, and locomotor activity. In both LD and DD, melatonin profiles display peak levels during the biological night. Corticosterone plasma levels show a bimodal rhythmic profile in both conditions, with higher levels preceding the two peaks of Arvicanthis locomotor activity, occurring at dawn and dusk. These data demonstrate that serotonin synthesis in Arvicanthis is rhythmic and reflects its bimodal behavioral phenotype, but differs from what has been previously described in nocturnal species.

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Section: Arvicanthissupporting

confidence: 90%

Bimodal serotonin synthesis in the diurnal rodent, Arvicanthis ansorgei

et al. 2022

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“…3). This is consistent with the mixed roles of serotonergic neurons in the control of motor behavior in different vertebrate species (Flaive et al, 2020;Vitrac and Benoit-Marand, 2017). In insects, serotonin regulates various types of motor behaviors including feeding, aggression and larval locomotion (e.g.…”

Section: Walk Elicits Differential Activities In Neuromodulatory Neuronssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Norepinephrine/octopamine is also a key neuromodulatory systems involved in arousal in a variety of species (Berridge, 2008), with reports of an increase in activity of these neurons during locomotion in mammals (Gray et al, 2021; Kaufman et al, 2020; Xiang et al, 2019), also consistent with our observations in flies. Interestingly, serotonergic neurons show mixed roles in the control of motor behavior in different vertebrate species (Dayan and Huys, 2015; Flaive et al, 2020; Vitrac and Benoit-Marand, 2017), as well as in our fly data. In particular, serotonin has been implicated in behavioral inhibition (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Combined patterns of activity of major neuronal classes underpin a global change in brain state during spontaneous and forced walk inDrosophila

Aimon

Cheng

Gjorgjieva

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Movement and behavioral state influence perception, and a stimulus can elicit opposite behavioral actions depending on whether the animal is moving toward or away from it. Here, we use fast wholebrain lightfield imaging in adult Drosophila melanogaster to analyze the relationship between movement and neuronal activity. Using pan-neuronal calcium imaging, we observe brainwide neuronal activity that tightly correlated with spontaneous bouts of movement. Imaging of specific sets of neurons across the brain reveals that both excitatory and inhibitory as well as different types of neuromodulatory neurons are active during walk inconsistent with a reduction of inhibition on neuronal activity. While most neuron types are activated at walk-onset, serotonergic neurons show more complex patterns of activity with neurons in several brain regions being inhibited during walk. Using available anatomical data, we map forward running and turning-induced activity onto different brain subregions and sometimes individual neurons. Moreover, we find that spontaneous walk and forced walk elicit highly similar wholebrain activity suggesting that a large part of the observed activity corresponds to walk itself rather than its initiation by higher brain centers. Based on our data, we conclude that movement and movement-related sensory feedback signals originating in the ventral nerve cord induce wide-spread activity in the brain allowing the integration of behavioral state into most or all brain processes.

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“…The brain synthesizes about 5% of the total body serotonin stored in vesicles that when released can function on autoreceptors or on post‐synaptic herteroreceptors. Serotonergic neurons play roles in cognitive, behavioral, developmental, locomotion, and other neurological responses that are normal or pathological (Albert & Vahid‐Ansari, 2019; Cummings & Hodges, 2019; Flaive et al, 2020; Liu et al, 2020; Okaty et al, 2019; Sargin et al, 2019).…”

Section: Evolution: Biosynthesis Receptor and Transportermentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular serotonergic system: Evolution, receptors, transporter, and function

Soslau

2021

J Exp Zool Pt A

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The serotonergic system, serotonin (5HT), serotonin transporter (SERT), and serotonin receptors (5HT‐x), is an evolutionarily ancient system that has clear physiological advantages to all life forms from bacteria to humans. This review focuses on the role of platelet/plasma serotonin and the cardiovascular system with minor references to its significant neurotransmitter function. Platelets transport and store virtually all plasma serotonin in dense granules. Stored serotonin is released from activated platelets and can bind to serotonin receptors on platelets and cellular components of the vascular wall to augment aggregation and induce vasoconstriction or vasodilation. The vascular endothelium is critical to the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. While there are numerous ligands, neurological components, and baroreceptors that effect vascular tone it is proposed that serotonin and nitric oxide (an endothelium relaxing factor) are major players in the regulation of systemic blood pressure. Signals not fully defined, to date, that direct serotonin binding to one of the 15 identified 5HT receptors versus the transporter, and the role platelet/plasma serotonin plays in regulating hypertension within the cardiovascular system remain important issues to better understand many diseases and to develop new drugs. Also, expanded research of these pathways in lower life‐forms may serve as important model systems to further our understanding of the evolution and mechanisms of action of serotonin.

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Serotonergic Modulation of Locomotor Activity From Basal Vertebrates to Mammals

Cited by 21 publications

References 146 publications

Bimodal serotonin synthesis in the diurnal rodent, Arvicanthis ansorgei

Bimodal serotonin synthesis in the diurnal rodent, Arvicanthis ansorgei

Combined patterns of activity of major neuronal classes underpin a global change in brain state during spontaneous and forced walk inDrosophila

Cardiovascular serotonergic system: Evolution, receptors, transporter, and function

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