Serosurvey of pandemic H1N1 influenza A virus in dogs in Andalusia (southern Spain)

Abstract

In April 2009, a new influenza A virus (IAV) subtype (A(H1N1)pdm09) spread worldwide and triggered the first human influenza pandemic of the 21st century. Since then, exposure to the pandemic H1N1 IAV has been confirmed in different animal species. Serological evidence and clinical infection with A(H1N1)pdm09 have been reported in canines, but the information available about the role of dogs in the epidemiology of this IAV subtype is still very limited in Europe. A cross‐sectional study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of A(H1N1)pdm09 in dogs in southern Spain, a region with endemic seasonal circulation in human. Sera from 750 companion dogs were collected during the period 2013–2016. Antibodies against pandemic H1N1 IAV were analysed using the haemagglutination inhibition test. Positive samples were also tested by single radial haemolysis assay. Seropositivity was only confirmed by both methods in one (0.13%; 95% CI: 0.00–0.38) adult animal sampled in 2013. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of A(H1N1)pdm09 exposure in dogs in Spain. The low seroprevalence obtained indicates a limited exposure history to A(H1N1)pdm09 IAV in dogs in this country and suggests a low risk of transmission of this zoonotic IAV subtype between humans and dogs.

Influenza A virus antibodies in dogs, hunting dogs, and backyard pigs in Campeche, Mexico

“…Since then, reports regarding the circulation of these subtypes in canine populations have emerged in different countries (Borland et al., 2020; Klivleyeva et al., 2022). There is likewise serological evidence of dogs' exposure to the human H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes, as well as the isolation and identification of a virus like the 2009 pandemic H1N1 (Damiani et al., 2012; Dundon et al., 2010; Jurado‐Tarifa et al., 2020; Tangwangvivat et al., 2019). The H3N1 subtype has also been identified as the result of reassortment of the human pandemic H1N1and the canine H3N2 viruses in canine genes (Song et al., 2012), and the exposure to avian H7 subtype and the infection to avian H5N2 subtype, which highlights the ecological role that dogs may have in IAV transmission between different species (Guang‐jian et al., 2012; Song et al., 2013).…”

Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. polysaccharide inhibits influenza A virus in vitro and in vivo

“…This pathogen poses a tremendous threat to social public health. In recent years, viruses have frequently spread among species, leading to new outbreaks of disease, including H1N1 seasonal influenza virus [ 4 ], and H5N8 avian influenza virus [ 5 ]. Therefore, it is of great importance to identify novel anti‐influenza virus drugs.…”