Seroprevalência do Anticorpo do Vírus na Hepatite A em Viajantes Portugueses: Um Novo Paradigma

Rocha, Sónia; Tejo, Sandra; Ferreira, Eugénia; Trindade, Luís; Rabadão, Eduardo; Marques, Nuno; Cunha, José Saraiva da

doi:10.20344/amp.8130

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We found a positive association between older age and HEV seroprevalence, as with other fecal-oral transmitted diseases, which might be explained by increased exposure over time, and may also be related to the worse hygienic-sanitary conditions that existed in the past. 1,27 This finding is in line with previous studies, both nationally and internationally. 1,2,14 Unlike previous studies, 18,20 we did not find a greater prevalence among male patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Hepatitis E in a Portuguese cohort of human immunodeficiency virus positive patients: High seroprevalence but no chronic infections

Filipe

Prista‐Leão

Silva‐Pinto

et al. 2022

Health Science Reports

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Introduction: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection causes zoonotic hepatitis in Europe, with a higher risk of complications in immunocompromised hosts. HEV natural history in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients is not fully understood, and its prevalence is unknown.Objectives: To study the seroprevalence of HEV and prevalence of chronic HEV in HIV-positive patients from Porto, Portugal.Methods: We randomly selected patients from the cohort of HIV-positive patients followed in our hospital. We performed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to search for immunoglobulin G for HEV. When the absorbance/cut-off was inferior to 3.5, the test was repeated, and a confirmatory test executed in that sample. For reactive tests and for immunosuppressed patients (CD4 count < 200/mm 3 ) with nonreactive test, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test was also performed. Results:We included 299 patients. The mean age was 48 and 75.3% were men.Regarding HIV infection, the median follow-up time was 10 years, the acquisition was mainly heterosexual contact, and 94% were on antiretroviral therapy. Seventysix patients (25.4%) had reactive immunoglobulin G (IgG) hepatitis E serology.Patients with a reactive test were older (statistically significant difference).Otherwise, there was no difference between groups concerning birthplace, rural residence, chronic viral hepatitis coinfection, or cirrhosis. Nadir and actual T CD4+ lymphocyte counts did not differ significantly from patients with HEV reactive and nonreactive serology. Gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT) was higher in patients with reactive IgG HEV. All serum HEV PCR tests were negative.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Hepatitis E in a Portuguese cohort of human immunodeficiency virus positive patients: High seroprevalence but no chronic infections

Filipe

Prista‐Leão

Silva‐Pinto

et al. 2022

Health Science Reports

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“…At the time of the three months telephone interview, reported vaccines, presented in Table 4, may reflect: i) the changing epidemiological pattern of hepatitis A in Portugal, with a low prevalence in young people, [45][46][47] increasing the need for vaccination in those leaving the country to endemic areas; ii) the opportunity for updating Portuguese vaccination schedules (tetanus/diphtheria) at pre travel clinic; iii) the exclusive availability of typhoid and yellow fever vaccines at international travel vaccination centres such as the IHMT/ADMT; iv) most frequent destinations.…”

Section: Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Problems During and After Travel: A Prospective Observational Study in a Travel Clinic in Portugal

et al. 2021

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Introduction: In order to improve the health of travellers during travel it is important to better understand the health problems faced by travellers in different destinations. The main objective of this study was to characterise the perceived health problems of travellers during and up to six months after travel on a pre-travel clinic in Lisbon, Portugal.Material and Methods: This is a prospective observational study. Participants were recruited among those travellers attending a pretravel clinic between May 2016 and April 2017, meeting the inclusion criteria (age over 18 years old and predicted time of stay from five to 90 days). Structured questionnaires were applied by telephone interviews, three and six months after arrival. Associations and their magnitude were sought between travel and traveller’s characteristics with total and specific health problems, using multiple logistic regression models.Results: Out of 364 participants who completed the study, 60% were under 37 years of age, and 87.9% presented a higher educationaldegree. Africa and Asia were travel destinations for 89.1% of travellers. Three months after travel, 39.3% confirmed some travel-acquired health problem, namely diarrhoea (26.6%) and unmeasured fever (12.4%). A malaria case was diagnosed, occurring 3.5 months after return. From a total of 189 travellers to countries with high risk of malaria and chemoprophylaxis recommendation, 65.6% adhered completely and 6.9% of those presenting fever during travel sought healthcare.Discussion: The proportion of travellers that became ill was lower compared to other published studies. Failure to follow a randomsampling method and the characteristics of the travel consultation with a particular profile of travellers in terms of level of education and ability to pay, challenges the external validity of the study.Conclusion: Health problems during or after travel occurred in 39.3% of travellers with diarrhoeal disease being the most common (26.6%). From our findings, the need for taking chemoprophylaxis for malaria or seeking health care in the presence of fever is not translated into appropriate action. The reasons are unclear and should be the subject of further research. Furthermore, research is needed with inclusion of other centres practicing travel medicine in Portugal, both in the pre-travel setting and others, in order to better understand the health risks associated with Portuguese traveller’s characteristics and destinations.

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“…Hepatitis A virus seroprevalence among travelers is also variable, and besides the place and age determinants, vaccination status and the visiting places may also play a role. Hepatitis A virus seroprevalence among European travelers ranged from 57.6% to 78.9% 32 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A seroprevalence among special populations in the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Area, Brazil

et al. 2023

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The objectives were to estimate hepatitis A virus seroprevalence in subjects attending to a travel medicine and immunization clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and to develop a prediction model for hepatitis A virus seroprevalence. This retrospective research included individuals sequentially from April 2011 to June 2019 at a travel medicine and special population immunization clinic with an anti-hepatitis A virus IgG chemiluminescence result. Participants’ data were verified via electronic medical records. Data were split into development and validation set taking 2018 as the date break. A cross-validated elastic generalized linear model with binomial distribution was performed. In total, 2,944 subjects were analyzed. Hepatitis A virus overall seroprevalence was 67.8%. Health professionals, travelers, and those who had contact with immunocompromised subjects had lower seroprevalence (40%-55%), whereas subjects with chronic conditions (heart, lung, and liver) ranged from 89% to 94%. The retained predictors in the final model were sex, age, year of birth, travelers, HIV/AIDS, spleen dysfunction, transplant candidates, household communicators, cancer-related immunosuppression, health care professionals. Area under the curve was 0.836 and maximum error was 0.051. Users can make predictions with the following calculator: https://pedrobrasil.shinyapps.io/INDWELL/. The groups with lower seroprevalence should be evaluated more carefully regarding need for hepatitis A virus vaccination even when they seek immunization clinics for other purposes.

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Seroprevalência do Anticorpo do Vírus na Hepatite A em Viajantes Portugueses: Um Novo Paradigma

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Hepatitis E in a Portuguese cohort of human immunodeficiency virus positive patients: High seroprevalence but no chronic infections

Hepatitis E in a Portuguese cohort of human immunodeficiency virus positive patients: High seroprevalence but no chronic infections

Health Problems During and After Travel: A Prospective Observational Study in a Travel Clinic in Portugal

Hepatitis A seroprevalence among special populations in the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Area, Brazil

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