Seroprevalence of West Nile Virus specific IgG and IgM antibodies in North-Western and Western provinces of Zambia

Mweene-Ndumba, Idah; Siziya, Seter; Monze, Mwaka; Mazaba, Mazyanga L.; Masaninga, Freddie; Songolo, Peter; Mwaba, Peter; Babaniyi, Olusegun

doi:10.4314/ahs.v15i3.14

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…West Nile virus infection and gender, although males were more susceptible to have WNV infection, our result agreed with a study in Zambia [27]. Subjects who had attained primary level of education were (44%) more likely to have WNV infection compared to participants who had attained higher level of education, this finding has agreed with a study in Arizona [28].…”

Section: No Significant Association Was Observed Betweensupporting

confidence: 91%

First Evidence of West Nile Virus in Hodeidah, Yemen: Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics

Yusuf

Al-Masrafi

Almahbashi

et al. 2019

IJTDH

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Introduction: West Nile Virus (WNV) infection is an important arthropod-borne zoonosis viral disease. This virus is neglected in Yemen especially in Hodeidah. Aim of the Study: The purpose of this study was to detect WNV infection, determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics within febrile patients in Hodeidah city and to determine some risk factors associated with WNV infection. Materials and Methods: 136 febrile patients in a hospital base study were diagnosed in Center of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases (CTMID), Authority of General Al-Thawara Hospital, Hodeidah, Yemen from January of 2017 to December of 2017. WNV infection was detected by enzyme linkage immune sorbent assay (ELISA) on serum samples. Results and Discussion: The results showed that 5 cases (3.67%) were WNV – positive namely IgM that was detected in winter and spring seasons, the most prevalent antibodies of WNV were IgG namely 75 cases (55.14%). Most common symptoms were fever, headache, fatigue, weakness, arthralgia, myalgia and photophobia. The treatment based on the intravenous therapy (IV) with anti-pyritic, plasma in some cases and all cases were recovered while mortality rate was 00%. Conclusion: WNV was detected in Hodeidah which placed in Tehama "western Yemen", as first time by our preliminary study that confirmed the evidence of WNV IgM and IG antibodies presence on 2017, in order to increase safety of diagnosis of febrile diseases, it is essential to continue surveillance of this emerging infection, suggesting that this emergence has been transported by migratory birds from wintering areas to Tehama region.

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Section: No Significant Association Was Observed Betweensupporting

confidence: 91%

First Evidence of West Nile Virus in Hodeidah, Yemen: Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics

Yusuf

Al-Masrafi

Almahbashi

et al. 2019

IJTDH

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“…Other clinically important flaviviruses, such as yellow fever virus, dengue virus and Zika virus, have not to date been detected in the mosquitoes collected for this study. Recent serosurvey studies using ELISA (Babaniyi et al., ; Mweene‐Ndumba et al., ) showed that a small number of people living in the Western or North‐Western province of Zambia had antibodies against West Nile, yellow fever, dengue or Zika viruses. The report indicated that 10.3% of persons among the total of 3,625 participants from that area were seropositive for WNV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First isolation of West Nile virus in Zambia from mosquitoes

Orba

Hang’ombe

Mweene

et al. 2018

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Mosquito surveillance studies to identify mosquito-borne flaviviruses have identified West Nile Virus (WNV) for the first time in Zambia. The Zambian WNV isolate from Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes collected in the Western Province was closely related genetically to WNV lineage 2 South African strains which have been previously shown to be highly neuroinvasive. These data provide the first evidence of the circulation of WNV in Zambia and suggest there should be an increased awareness of possible associated human and animal diseases in that country.

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“…To date in Zambia, human diseases related to flavivirus infection have not been reported. However, serological studies conducted on humans in Zambia have demonstrated antibodies against YFV, ZIKV, DENV, and WNV suggesting significant infections [25][26][27][28]. Recently, antibodies specific to ZIKV were also detected in non-human primates in Zambia [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discoveries of Exoribonuclease-Resistant Structures of Insect-Specific Flaviviruses Isolated in Zambia

Wastika

Harima²,

Sasaki

et al. 2020

Viruses

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To monitor the arthropod-borne virus transmission in mosquitoes, we have attempted both to detect and isolate viruses from 3304 wild-caught female mosquitoes in the Livingstone (Southern Province) and Mongu (Western Province) regions in Zambia in 2017. A pan-flavivirus RT-PCR assay was performed to identify flavivirus genomes in total RNA extracted from mosquito lysates, followed by virus isolation and full genome sequence analysis using next-generation sequencing and rapid amplification of cDNA ends. We isolated a newly identified Barkedji virus (BJV Zambia) (10,899 nt) and a novel flavivirus, tentatively termed Barkedji-like virus (BJLV) (10,885 nt) from Culex spp. mosquitoes which shared 96% and 75% nucleotide identity with BJV which has been isolated in Israel, respectively. These viruses could replicate in C6/36 cells but not in mammalian and avian cell lines. In parallel, a comparative genomics screening was conducted to study evolutionary traits of the 5′- and 3′-untranslated regions (UTRs) of isolated viruses. Bioinformatic analyses of the secondary structures in the UTRs of both viruses revealed that the 5′-UTRs exhibit canonical stem-loop structures, while the 3′-UTRs contain structural homologs to exoribonuclease-resistant RNAs (xrRNAs), SL-III, dumbbell, and terminal stem-loop (3′SL) structures. The function of predicted xrRNA structures to stop RNA degradation by Xrn1 exoribonuclease was further proved by the in vitro Xrn1 resistance assay.

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Seroprevalence of West Nile Virus specific IgG and IgM antibodies in North-Western and Western provinces of Zambia

Cited by 19 publications

References 27 publications

First Evidence of West Nile Virus in Hodeidah, Yemen: Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics

First Evidence of West Nile Virus in Hodeidah, Yemen: Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics

First isolation of West Nile virus in Zambia from mosquitoes

Discoveries of Exoribonuclease-Resistant Structures of Insect-Specific Flaviviruses Isolated in Zambia

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