Seroprevalence of viral hepatitis in Tanzanian adults

Wc, Miller; Jf, Shao; Dj, Weaver; Gh, Shimokura; Da, Paul; Gj, Lallinger

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3156.1998.00289.x

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This could partly be explained due to high prevalence of viral hepatitis B infection in the younger adults which is among the commonest causes of acute and chronic liver failure to both the general and health care worker populations in Tanzania [12,13]. The male predominant population in this study is likely due to the risk of chronic alcohol use as a cause of liver disease which was consistent with other studies [11].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Hepatic Encephalopathy; Prevalence, Precipitating Factors and Challenges of Management in a Resource-Limited Setting

Raphael¹,

Matuja²

2016

J Gastrointest Dig Syst

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Background and Aims: Hepatic encephalopathy, a neuropsychiatric syndrome caused by portosystemic venous shunting, clinical presentation ranges from minimal to overt H.E. It is a common complication of advanced liver disease with significant morbidity and mortality The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, common precipitating factors, and outcomes of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with preexisting liver disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Hepatic Encephalopathy; Prevalence, Precipitating Factors and Challenges of Management in a Resource-Limited Setting

Raphael¹,

Matuja²

2016

J Gastrointest Dig Syst

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“…The overall prevalence found (19.8%) was lower than that observed in Africa (56%-98%) [Kiire, 1996;Kew, 1996;Miller et al, 1998;André, 2000;Mulders et al, 2004], but higher than in blood donors from Mato Grosso do Sul State (9.4%) [Aguiar et al, 2001]. Large variations of HBV prevalence were observed from one community to another, with the lowest prevalence (5.5%) found in Furnas da Boa Sorte and the highest (42.4%) in Furnas dos Dionísios.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Hepatitis B virus infection in isolated Afro-Brazilian communities

et al. 2005

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The prevalence and genotypes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) have distinct geographical distribution. In Brazil, some African-descendants have been maintained as small isolated communities since the slavery period. In this study, HBV infection among these communities of African origin was examined. Individuals (1,058) living in 12 communities were interviewed and serum samples screened for the presence of HBV markers. HBsAg-positive sera were tested for HBV DNA by PCR and positive samples were genotyped by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The overall prevalence of HBV infection was 19.8% (95% CI: 17.5-22.3), ranging from 5.5% to 42.4%, depending on the communities studied. Multivariate analysis of risk factors showed that increasing age, family history of hepatitis, and sexual activity were associated significantly with this infection. HBsAg was detected in 23/1,058 (2.2%) individuals. HBV DNA was present in 2/2 of HBeAg-positive serum samples and in 18/21 (85.7%) anti-HBe-positive samples. All HBV isolates belonged to genotype A, subtype Aa. Three RFLP patterns were identified: AI (17 isolates), AIV (1 isolate), and AVI (2 isolates). These findings suggest a common introduction of HBV during the slave trade from Africa to Brazil.

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“…Our findings demonstrate that HEV transmission occurs in the surveyed rural areas of south-eastern Bolivia. Considering the uncertainty about the long-term antibody status after HEV infection, with some studies (Goldsmith et al 1992;Coursaget et al 1994) suggesting a short duration, our data may underestimate the previous population exposure to HEV (Miller et al 1998). On the basis of these data, travellers coming to this area from countries with little HAV and HEV exposure should be considered at risk of enterically transmitted hepatitis (Piper Jenks 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis A and E viruses among rural populations of the Chaco region, south‐eastern Bolivia

Bartoloni

Bartalesi

Roselli

et al. 1999

Tropical Med Int Health

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SummaryWe conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies against hepatitis A and hepatitis E viruses (HAV and HEV) in the population of two rural areas, Camiri and Villa Montes, of the Chaco region, south-eastern Bolivia. HAV antibodies were detected in 461 (94.1%) of 490 serum samples tested, not differing significantly between sexes and study areas. The HAV seropositivity rate (64.7%) was high even in the youngest age group (1-5 years). The prevalence of HEV was 7.3%, with no significant differences between sexes. The prevalence of HEV antibodies in the population of the Camiri area (10.4%) was significantly higher than in the Villa Montes area (4.4.%), possibly due to the better quality of drinking water in the Villa Montes area. In the population Յ 30 years of age, the HEV seropositivity rate (4.4%) was significantly lower than in the Ն 31 year-old group. This is consistent with findings in other countries. This is the first report of the prevalence of HEV infection in Bolivia.keywords hepatitis E virus, hepatitis A virus, epidemiology, Bolivia correspondence

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Seroprevalence of viral hepatitis in Tanzanian adults

Cited by 20 publications

References 41 publications

Hepatic Encephalopathy; Prevalence, Precipitating Factors and Challenges of Management in a Resource-Limited Setting

Hepatic Encephalopathy; Prevalence, Precipitating Factors and Challenges of Management in a Resource-Limited Setting

Hepatitis B virus infection in isolated Afro-Brazilian communities

Prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis A and E viruses among rural populations of the Chaco region, south‐eastern Bolivia

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