Seroprevalence of viral childhood infections in Eritrea

Tolfvenstam, Thomas; Enbom, Malin; Ghebrekidan, H; Rudén, Ulla; Linde, Annika; Grandien, M; Wahrén, Britta

doi:10.1016/s1386-6532(99)00070-0

Cited by 45 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The 81% anti-VP2 B19 IgG seroprevalence rate that we observed in a population of pregnant Ghanaian women was higher than that reported in pregnant women from Western countries (35%-66%) and South Africa (25%) but was consistent with the 82% and 83% seroprevalence rate that was found in pregnant women from Eritrea and in Ghanaian blood donors, respectively [2,4,7,10,11]. These differences may be related, in part, to epidemiological features that are characteristic of many parts of Africa.…”

supporting

confidence: 89%

Maternal‐Fetal Transmission of Human Parvovirus B19 Genotype 3

Candotti¹,

Danso²,

Parsyan

et al. 2006

J INFECT DIS

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Plasma samples obtained at delivery from 885 pregnant Ghanaian women were tested for human parvovirus B19 DNA and B19-specific antibodies. Maternal-fetal transmission was evaluated by testing paired maternal plasma and umbilical cord blood samples, as well as newborn whole-blood samples when they were available. The B19 DNA seroprevalence rate in women was 1.8% (94% had genotype 3 strains), and the immunoglobulin G (IgG) seroprevalence rate in women was 81%. Two of 3 cases of primary maternal B19 infection resulted in fetal transmission. Coexistence of B19 DNA and B19-specific IgG (persistence) was detected in 13 women (1.5%), but no transmission of the virus was observed. Contrary to the situation in pregnant women with primary B19 infection and high viral loads, pregnant women with low viral loads and B19-specific IgG do not appear to be vertically infectious.

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supporting

confidence: 89%

Maternal‐Fetal Transmission of Human Parvovirus B19 Genotype 3

Candotti¹,

Danso²,

Parsyan

et al. 2006

J INFECT DIS

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“…Nevertheless, the seropositivity in the adult population is now estimated to be Ͼ95% for either or both HHV-6 variants in developed countries, the antibody titers showing a decline with advancing age (27,175,322,354). HHV-6 is widespread throughout the world, with geographic differences in HHV-6 prevalence varying between 70 and 100% (36,69,240,306,409,432); given the above-mentioned limitations, these differences may be insignificant. A serologic test discriminating between HHV-6 variants is not available.…”

Section: Clinical Features Of Hhv-6 Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Human Herpesvirus 6 Biology, Clinical Features, and Therapy

2005

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Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is a betaherpesvirus that is closely related to human cytomegalovirus. It was discovered in 1986, and HHV-6 literature has expanded considerably in the past 10 years. We here present an up-to-date and complete overview of the recent developments concerning HHV-6 biological features, clinical associations, and therapeutic approaches. HHV-6 gene expression regulation and gene products have been systematically characterized, and the multiple interactions between HHV-6 and the host immune system have been explored. Moreover, the discovery of the cellular receptor for HHV-6, CD46, has shed a new light on HHV-6 cell tropism. Furthermore, the in vitro interactions between HHV-6 and other viruses, particularly human immunodeficiency virus, and their relevance for the in vivo situation are discussed, as well as the transactivating capacities of several HHV-6 proteins. The insight into the clinical spectrum of HHV-6 is still evolving and, apart from being recognized as a major pathogen in transplant recipients (as exemplified by the rising number of prospective clinical studies), its role in central nervous system disease has become increasingly apparent. Finally, we present an overview of therapeutic options for HHV-6 therapy (including modes of action and resistance mechanisms)

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“…Studies from different developed countries show similar rates of seropositivity [Courouce et al, 1984;Cohen and Buckley, 1988;Lin et al, 1999;Kelly et al, 2000]. However, among developing countries in South America and Africa the seroprevalence has been found to be slightly higher, possibly indicating higher transmission of the virus in poor and crowded living conditions [Nascimento et al, 1990;Tolfvenstam et al, 2000].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Parvovirus B19 infection in chile: Markers of infection and immunity in patients with clinical symptoms

Larrañaga

León

Díaz

et al. 2007

Journal of Medical Virology

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Parvovirus B19 infection is associated with a wide variety of symptoms and signs, and given that some clinical features, such as anemia, arthropathy and rash may be attributable to other causes, laboratory diagnosis of B19 markers is necessary. The principal aims were to study the behavior of B19 infection-associated diseases in the Chilean population and to compare B19 markers for recent or active infection and for immunity status in patients with clinical symptoms suspicious of B19 infection and control individuals. Sera from a total of 267 patients with diverse clinical manifestations associated with B19 and from 69 healthy controls were tested for B19 DNA using PCR and for specific IgM and immunoglobulin G (IgG) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Out of 267 patients examined, 89 had B19-associated disease markers: 43 had B19 DNA without IgM, 25 had IgM without B19 DNA, and 21 had both B19 DNA and IgM. Also 49 patients were positive only for IgG without B19 DNA or IgM. Out of the 69 healthy controls, only 2 had B19 DNA without IgM and 30 had IgG without B19 DNA and/or IgM. The distribution of the clinical diagnoses associated with recent B19 infection, tested by B19 DNA and/or IgM, included 38.5% with hematological illnesses, 23.4% with rheumatic diseases, 45.7% with infectious diseases, 33.3% with indications of prenatal infection, 32.3% with conditions that induce immunodeficiency, and 15.8% with other miscellaneous conditions. The use of both markers, DNA and IgM, allows a more adequate diagnosis of infection by this virus.

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Seroprevalence of viral childhood infections in Eritrea

Cited by 45 publications

References 26 publications

Maternal‐Fetal Transmission of Human Parvovirus B19 Genotype 3

Maternal‐Fetal Transmission of Human Parvovirus B19 Genotype 3

Update on Human Herpesvirus 6 Biology, Clinical Features, and Therapy

Parvovirus B19 infection in chile: Markers of infection and immunity in patients with clinical symptoms

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