Seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections in healthy blood donors: A 5-year tertiary care hospital experience

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:Transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) can cause threat to bloody safety as blood transfusion is an important mode of transmission of TTI to the recipient, hence, to prevent transmission of these diseases, screening tests on blood bags is an important step for blood safety.AIM:This study was undertaken with the aim of determining the seroprevalence of TTI in healthy blood donors in a tertiary care blood bank.MATERIALS AND METHODS:A retrospective study was carried out over a period of 5 years from January 2007 to December 2011. Serum samples were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Type 1 and 2, hepatitis c virus (HCV) and syphilis using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with the third generation kits and venereal disease research laboratory test, respectively.RESULTS:A total of 76,653 healthy donors were included out of which majority of donors were male (91.79%). The overall seroprevalence of HIV, HBsAg, HCV, and syphilis were 0.26%, 1.30%, 0.25%, and 0.28%, respectively.CONCLUSION:Methods to ensure a safety blood supply should be encouraged. For that, screening with a better selection of donors and use of sensitive screening tests including nucleic acid testing technology should be implemented.

An extensive study: to assess the changing trends in prevalence and development of TTIs in non-remunerated blood donors at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Central India

“…VDRL reactive donors were estimated at 0.66% in this study which is greater than calculated in other studies [2,6,7,9,12,13,14]. Transfusion transmitted syphilis is not a major hazard in modern blood transfusion therapy.…”

“…Every blood transfusion therefore carries a potential risk for transmissible diseases. HBV incidence is higher in our population (1.39%) as compared to other similar studies [2,6,7,13,14]. HBV positivity indicates a carrier state or an active infection.…”

“…A WHO report states that the viral dose in HIV transmission through blood is so large that one HIV positive transfusion leads to death, on an average, after 2 years in children and after three to 5 years in adults [16]. HIV seropositive donors were 0.067% of the total (84,975) blood donors studied, which is lower than the published data in other studies [6,7,8,9,10,13,14].…”

Seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections in voluntary and replacement blood donors in a tertiary care hospital blood bank of Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India: 5 years retrospective study

“…A study by Chandekar A et al, also showed that the number of blood donors progressively increased in 3 year study period, which coincides with the present study. 17 As per the study, seroprevalence of HBV is highest, 1.82 % (1003/54937) followed by HCV 0.31% (175/54937) in all the donors. The seropositivity for HIV is 0.23% (129/54937), for syphilis 0.04% (24/54937) and for malaria 0.01% (6/54937).…”

SEROPREVALENCE OF HIV AND HBsAg AMONGST BLOOD DONORS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, CHHATTISGARH.

“…In a study by Osei E et al similar results were observed in which total of 576 blood donors were screened in 2014, out of which 520 (90%) were males and the 56 (10%)were females [13]. Another study in India by Chandekar S A et al out of 76,653 healthy donors, 70,363 (91.79%) were males and 6290 (8.21%) were females [14]. The less percentage of females in our study may be due to low socioeconomic status, child bearing age or may be social taboos.…”