Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Norwegian dairy goats

Stormoen, Marit; Tharaldsen, Jorun; Hopp, Petter

doi:10.1186/1751-0147-54-75

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…On the other hand, high farm prevalence rates are common. A study in Poland showed a 100% farm level with a 30-100% prevalence at the individual level (Czopowicz et al 2011), while in Norway, despite a 17% prevalence at the individual level, the farm prevalence was 75% (Stormoen et al, 2012) and a prevalence of 25.1% for animals and 72.2% for farms has been reported from Spain (Garcia-Bocanegra et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in goats in Serbia

et al. 2014

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Abstract.A major risk factor for Toxoplasma gondii infection is consumption of undercooked meat. Increasing demand for goat meat is likely to promote the role of this animal for human toxoplasmosis. As there are virtually no data on toxoplasmosis in goats in Serbia, we undertook a cross-sectional serological study, including prediction modelling using geographical information systems (GIS). Sera from 431 goats reared in 143 households/farms throughout Serbia, sampled between January 2010 and September 2011, were examined for T. gondii antibodies by a modified agglutination test. Seroprevalence was 73.3% at the individual level and 84.6% at the farm level. Risk factor analysis showed above two-fold higher risk of infection for goats used for all purposes compared to dairy goats (P = 0.012), almost seven-fold higher risk for goats kept as sole species versus those kept with other animals (P = 0.001) and a two-fold lower risk for goats introduced from outside the farm compared to those raised on the farm (P = 0.027). Moreover, households/farms located in centre-eastern Serbia were found to be less often infected than those in northern Serbia (P = 0.004). The risk factor analysis was fully supported by spatial analysis based on a GIS database containing data on origin, serology, land cover, elevation, meteorology and a spatial prediction map based on kriging analysis, which showed western Serbia as the area most likely for finding goats positive for T. gondii and centre-eastern Serbia as the least likely. In addition, rainfall favoured seropositivity, whereas temperature, humidity and elevation did not.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in goats in Serbia

et al. 2014

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“…In Europe, the seroprevalence of T. gondii in goats was estimated at 17% in Norway (Stormoen et al, 2012), 18.5% in north Portugal (Lopes et al, 2013), 30.7% in Greece (Tzanidakis et al, 2012), 25.1% in southern Spain (Garcia-Bocanegra et al, 2013), 52.8% in Romania (Iovu et al, 2012), and 60.6% in Italy (Mancianti et al, 2013). Regional variation of seroprevalence may be caused by differences in study population, study year and climate as well as differences in serological tests and criteria of cutoff value used in the test (Tenter et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental studies on Toxoplasma gondii in the main livestock species (GP/EFSA/BIOHAZ/2013/01) Final report

Opsteegh

Schares

Blaga

et al. 2016

EFS3

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After extensive review of the literature, experimental studies were performed in the main livestock species (cattle, small ruminants, pigs, horses and poultry) to address the main knowledge gaps considering (1) the relationship between detection of antibodies and presence of T. gondii, (2) the anatomical distribution of tissue cysts, and (3) on-farm risk factors for infection. In slaughterhouse studies in cattle and horses, a lack of concordance between detection of antibodies by MAT and detection of T. gondii in tissues by mouse bioassay or MC-PCR was demonstrated. Positive mouse bioassay results were obtained in cattle and horses, indicating a potential infection risk for consumers. DISCLAIMERThe present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). In accordance with Article 36 of Regulation (EC) No 178/2002, this task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context of a grant agreement between the European Food Safety Authority and the author(s). The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is subject. It cannot be considered as an output adopted by the Authority. The European Food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). In accordance with Article 36 of Regulation (EC) No 178/2002, this task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context of a grant agreement between the European Food Safety Authority and the author(s). The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is subject. It cannot be considered as an output adopted by the Authority. The European Food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. 2In naturally infected pigs and chickens the agreement depended on assays and matrices/analytes used, but was considered fair to substantial. Calves, sheep, pigs, chickens and turkeys were experimentally infected with T. gondii. In calves various tissues were tested and T. gondii was recovered, but no clear predilection sites were identified. There was also little variation in parasite load between the different edible tissues (i.e. skeletal muscles) from pigs and sheep. Brain and heart were clearly identified as predilection sites in chickens and turkeys, with higher parasite loads compared to breast, thigh and drumstick muscle. The observation that drumstick, an edible tissue, tested positive in 25% (8/32) of the bioassay positive organic laying hens, indicated a potential risk for consumers. The seroprevalence of T. gondii in Dutch indoor-housed dairy goats appears to be relatively low and was associated with the presence of cats at the farm. I...

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“…In a study in France conducted in 2007, the proportion of sheep carcases carrying live parasites was 5.4 % (3-7.5 %) and molecular typing mostly revealed genotype II (Halos et al, 2010). In a recent survey in Norwegian dairy goats, the seroprevalence was 17 %, and 75 % of herds were found to have at least one seropositive animal (Stormoen et al, 2012). Although isolation of T. gondii from caprine tissues has been reported, no large-scale prevalence data are available on the presence of this parasite in goat meat products (Kijlstra and Jongert, 2008).…”

Section: Current Situation and Trends In The Eumentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical specifications on harmonised epidemiological indicators for biological hazards to be covered by meat inspection of domestic sheep and goats

et al. 2013

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In this report, harmonised epidemiological indicators are proposed for food-borne biological hazards that are related to domestic sheep and goats and meat thereof and that can be addressed in the context of meat inspection. These hazards include Toxoplasma gondii, pathogenicverocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli and mycobacteria. An epidemiological indicator is defined as the prevalence or concentration of the hazard at a certain stage of the food chain or an indirect measure of the hazard that correlates with the human health risk caused by the hazard. The indicators can be used by the European Commission and the Member States to consider when adaptations to meat inspection methods may be required, and to carry out risk analysis to support such decisions. It is foreseen that the indicators will be used in the integrated sheep and goats meat safety assurance system outlined in the EFSA Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards to be covered by inspection of meat from sheep and goats, particularly to help categorise farms/flock and slaughterhouses according to the risk related to the hazards and process hygiene. Depending on the purpose and the epidemiological situation, risk managers should decide on the most appropriate indicator(s) to use, either alone or in combination, at national, regional, slaughterhouse or farm/flock level. It is recommended that risk managers should define the harmonised requirements for controlled housing conditions of farms, and the requirements for food chain information. Member States are invited to report data generated by the implementation of the indicators in accordance with Directive 2003/99/EC. The proposed indicators should be regularly reviewed in light of new information and the data generated by their implementation

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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Norwegian dairy goats

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Spatial epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in goats in Serbia

Spatial epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in goats in Serbia

Experimental studies on Toxoplasma gondii in the main livestock species (GP/EFSA/BIOHAZ/2013/01) Final report

Technical specifications on harmonised epidemiological indicators for biological hazards to be covered by meat inspection of domestic sheep and goats

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