Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in sheep intended for human consumption in the Rondônia state, Western Brazilian Amazon

Maia, Maerle Oliveira; Maia, Maiara Oliveira; Silva, Alexandre Redson Soares da; Gomes, Ana Amélia Domingues; Aguiar, Daniel Moura de; Pacheco, Richard C.; Costa, Alvimar José da; Santos-Doni, Thaís Rabelo

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101599

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In the South region, seroprevalence rates range from 9.5% to 17.6% (Romanelli et al, 2007(Romanelli et al, , 2021, suggesting a possible increasing trend in seropositivity. In the North region, seroprevalence rates range from 13.74% to 60.6% (Guimarães et al, 2015;Maia et al, 2021), a range similar to that observed in the Northeast. These data illustrate a significant divergence from the findings presented in this study and others conducted in Brazil.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Seroprevalence and associated factors with Neospora caninum infection in sheep and goats slaughtered in the state of Paraíba, Brazil

Batista,

Silva,

Sarmento

et al. 2023

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The objective was to describe the seroprevalence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in goats and sheep slaughtered in the state of Paraíba and to identify possible associated factors with the infections. Two hundred twenty-nine samples from goats and two hundred five from sheep were analyzed by Indirect Immunofluorescence Reaction (IFAT) using a cutoff point of 1:50. The presence of anti-N. caninum antibodies was identified in 28.4% (65/ 229; 95% Confidence Interval: 22.6-34.2) of the goat samples and in 12.7% (26/ 205; 95% CI: 8.2 – 17.2) of the sheep samples. Contact between goats and dogs (Odds ratio 4.81; CI 1.13 – 2.67; p = 0.041) and cattle (OR. 1.87; CI 1.13 – 2.67; p = 0.002) was identified as a risk factor for goats and contact between sheep and dogs (OR 2.32; CI 1.58 – 3.14; p = 0.026) and history of abortion (OR 1.94; CI 1.28 – 2.90; p = 0.001) was considered a risk factor for sheep. The study revealed a high seroprevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies in slaughtered goats and sheep in Paraíba. Risk factors such as contact with dogs/cattle and abortion history underscore the need for preventive measures to control infection and enhance animal health management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Seroprevalence and associated factors with Neospora caninum infection in sheep and goats slaughtered in the state of Paraíba, Brazil

Batista,

Silva,

Sarmento

et al. 2023

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…Although seroprevalence studies indicate that N. caninum infection is present in small ruminants worldwide [1,15,25,26], the impact of ovine neosporosis is still unknown, and only a few case reports of N. caninum associated abortions have been published [5][6][7]. On the other hand, previous experiences of controlling ovine neosporosis are scarce [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Neospora caninum-Associated Abortions in a Dairy Sheep Flock and Results of a Test-and-Cull Control Programme

et al. 2021

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Neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite that can cause abortions and perinatal mortality in sheep. Although ovine neosporosis has been described worldwide, there is a lack of information about the relationship between N. caninum serostatus and the reproductive performance. In this study, we described the infection dynamics in a dairy sheep flock with an abortion rate up to 25% and a N. caninum seroprevalence of 32%. Abortions were recorded in 36% and 9% of seropositive and seronegative sheep, respectively. Seropositive sheep were more likely to abort twice (OR = 4.44) or three or more times (OR = 10.13) than seronegative sheep. Endogenous transplacental transmission was the main route of transmission since 86% of seropositive sheep had seropositive offspring. Within dams that had any abortion, seropositive sheep were more likely than seronegative ones to have female descendants that aborted (OR = 8.12). The slight increase in seropositivity with the age, the low percentage of animals with postnatal seroconversion or with low avidity antibodies, and the seropositivity of one flock dog, indicated that horizontal transmission might have some relevance in this flock. A control programme based on selective culling of seropositive sheep and replacement with seronegative animals was effective in reducing the abortion rate to 7.2%.

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“…The main finding from all of these studies was that there were variations in the prevalence rates both between countries, and even between regions within the same country. For example, animal seroprevalence rates in Brazil have been found to be as low as 1.8% and as high as 60.6% in the states of Rio do Norte (northeastern) and Rondonia (western), respectively [ 83 , 103 ]. In general terms, serological studies carried out in the American continent were restricted to Latin and Central American countries—mainly Brazil (29/37) ( Table 1 ), which had an overall seroprevalence of 19.9% (from a total of 15,461 serum samples tested)—and it has been suggested that deficiencies in environmental management and sanitation that could favor the dissemination of N. caninum in the sheep flocks may be responsible for this high seroprevalence [ 104 ].…”

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have found a correlation between high seroprevalence rates for N. caninum and a high-humidity climate, suggesting that the latter contributes to prolonged viability of oocysts in the environment [ 103 ]. However, due to the paucity of studies on (i) horizontal transmission of ovine neosporosis and (ii) the frequency of oocyst shedding by dogs, the role of climate in the epidemiology of the disease requires further investigation.…”

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Ovine Neosporosis: The Current Global Situation

Benavides

González-Warleta

Arteche-Villasol

et al. 2022

Animals

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In the past 20 years, Neospora caninum infection in sheep has been reported in at least 31 countries worldwide from all sheep-rearing continents (Europe, Asia, the Americas, Africa, and Oceania), and its role as an abortifacient agent is becoming more evident. Most studies of ovine neosporosis have focused on its epidemiology, based primarily on serological analysis, with only a few studies investigating the actual presence of the parasite by PCR and/or IHC. Individual seroprevalence rates were highly variable between countries, and even between regions within the same country, ranging from 0.0% to 67.4% positive. Furthermore, most of the studies were not directly comparable due to differences in experimental designs, sample sizes, husbandry systems, ecological factors, and serological tests (e.g., IFAT, ELISA, MAT, Western blot). The latter, along with the scarcity of studies on the relevance of N. caninum as an abortifacient agent, may bias the perception of the importance of this disease. This review summarizes the situation of N. caninum infection in sheep using all available published studies describing natural ovine neosporosis. The epidemiology shows that ovine neosporosis is found worldwide, and it poses a relevant risk to the sustainability of sheep flocks.

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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in sheep intended for human consumption in the Rondônia state, Western Brazilian Amazon

Cited by 8 publications

References 57 publications

Seroprevalence and associated factors with Neospora caninum infection in sheep and goats slaughtered in the state of Paraíba, Brazil

Seroprevalence and associated factors with Neospora caninum infection in sheep and goats slaughtered in the state of Paraíba, Brazil

Dynamics of Neospora caninum-Associated Abortions in a Dairy Sheep Flock and Results of a Test-and-Cull Control Programme

Ovine Neosporosis: The Current Global Situation

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