Seroprevalence of Toxocara canis infection and associated risk factors among primary schoolchildren in rural Southern Thailand

Phasuk, Nonthapan; Punsawad, Chuchard

doi:10.1186/s41182-020-00211-0

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A case control-study showned that the prevalence of toxocariasis and Toxocara antibodies was 14.7% among multiple sclerosis patients in Khorram Abad, southwest Iran [7]. The prevalence of Toxocara infection in the present study is similar to the rates reported in previous studies, although the rate of Toxocara infection in the present study was slightly lower than the rates in other countries, including Taiwan (57.5%) [12], Philippines (49.0%) [13] Korea (51.2%) [14], and Thailand (58.2%) [15], whereas the rate was higher than those in some other parts of the world, including Turkey (8.0%) [16], and in the Czech Republic (3.6%) [17].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Sero-epidemiology of <i>Toxocara canis</i> infection in people attending four educational and therapeutic centres in Alborz Province, Iran

Zibaei¹,

Najmi²,

Bahadory³

et al. 2022

Med Srod.

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Introduction and Objective.Toxocariasis is a common but neglected zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of Toxocara species. The aim of this study is to highlight the sero-epidemiology of Toxocara canis infection in the general population of Alborz Province, Iran. Materials and method. Anti-Toxocara canis antibodies were tested in 234 studied inhabitants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Demographic characteristics and consent were obtained from each individual. Results. In total, 33 (14.1%) of the 234 participants (mean age 19.6±8.7 years) had anti-Toxocara canis antibodies. Prevalence of infection was higher in males (16.2%) than females (12.4%). High-titer antibodies were most prevalent among the subjects aged ≤ 20 years, and showed statistical significance (p=0.001). There was significant association between the presence of Toxocara antibodies and the place of residence, keeping dog at home, and contact with contaminated soils (p<0.05). This is the first report of the sero-prevalence and contributing factors for Toxocara canis infection in the general population in Alborz Province. Conclusions. These data confirm the importance of diagnosing human toxocariasis in this region. The findings, in addition to the hygienic status of the population, can be representative of the environmental and animal contamination. Necessary education to avoid contact with suspicious dog and non-contact with soil from infancy should be considered as preventive measures for Toxocara infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Sero-epidemiology of <i>Toxocara canis</i> infection in people attending four educational and therapeutic centres in Alborz Province, Iran

Zibaei¹,

Najmi²,

Bahadory³

et al. 2022

Med Srod.

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“…A previous systematic review revealed that the estimated global Toxocara seroprevalence in humans was 19% [ 12 ]. However, our recent study revealed that the seroprevalence of Toxocara canis infection in primary school children in rural southern Thailand was as high as 58% [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Contamination with Toxocara Eggs in Public Schools in Rural Areas of Southern Thailand

Phasuk

Kache

Thongtup

et al. 2020

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Soil is considered the primary source of Toxocara transmission to humans, especially children. The status of soil contamination with Toxocara eggs in southern Thailand is unknown. This study aimed at estimating the soil contamination with Toxocara eggs in public schools in Nakhon Si Thammarat province in southern Thailand. Soil samples were collected from 12 public schools between August and September 2017. At each site, ten soil samples were collected from the following five types of locations: (1) playgrounds, (2) football fields, (3) sidewalks, (4) schoolyards, and (5) areas around cafeterias. In total, 120 samples were examined for Toxocara eggs with a modified flotation method using a sucrose solution. Toxocara eggs were detected in 8 (66.7%) of the 12 studied public schools. Of the 120 soil samples, 22 (18.3%; 95% CI: 11.9, 26.4) were contaminated with Toxocara eggs. The highest levels of Toxocara egg contamination were observed in playgrounds (41.7%; 95% CI: 22.1, 63.4), followed by football fields (20.8%; 95% CI: 7.1, 42.2), sidewalks (12.5%; 95% CI: 2.7, 32.4), and schoolyards (12.5%; 95% CI: 2.7, 32.4). There were significant differences in the distribution of Toxocara eggs across location types p<0.05. The findings demonstrated that the soil samples from public schools were contaminated with Toxocara eggs. Playgrounds were the most heavily contaminated locations. Teaching children proper handwashing steps and discouraging geophagia should be implemented to reduce the distribution of Toxocara and limit future Toxocara infections.

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“…Parasites of the genus Toxocara cause infections that are often asymptomatic, but when their larvae migrate from the small intestine into the bloodstream, they reach the tissues and cause the syndrome called Visceral Larva Migrans (VLM), which can migrate to the eyes and result in Ocular Larva Migrans (OLM) syndrome. Other pathologies associated with this parasite are neurotoxocariasis and covert toxocariasis (15,16). Commonly affected organs are liver, lungs, heart, brain and eyes, causing an intense inflammatory response, eosinophilia, and high levels of total IgE (15,(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other pathologies associated with this parasite are neurotoxocariasis and covert toxocariasis (15,16). Commonly affected organs are liver, lungs, heart, brain and eyes, causing an intense inflammatory response, eosinophilia, and high levels of total IgE (15,(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Diagnostics: Advances in the Diagnosis of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Humans and Animals

et al. 2021

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The increasingly close proximity between people and animals is of great concern for public health, given the risk of exposure to infectious diseases transmitted through animals, which are carriers of more than 60 zoonotic agents. These diseases, which are included in the list of Neglected Tropical Diseases, cause losses in countries with tropical and subtropical climates, and in regions with temperate climates. Indeed, they affect more than a billion people around the world, a large proportion of which are infected by one or more parasitic helminths, causing annual losses of billions of dollars. Several studies are being conducted in search for differentiated, more sensitive diagnostics with fewer errors. These studies, which involve the automated examination of intestinal parasites, still face challenges that must be overcome in order to ensure the proper identification of parasites. This includes a protocol that allows for elimination of most of the debris in samples, satisfactory staining of parasite structures, and a robust image database. Our objective here is therefore to offer a critical description of the techniques currently in use for the automated diagnosis of intestinal parasites in fecal samples, as well as advances in these techniques.

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Seroprevalence of Toxocara canis infection and associated risk factors among primary schoolchildren in rural Southern Thailand

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Sero-epidemiology of <i>Toxocara canis</i> infection in people attending four educational and therapeutic centres in Alborz Province, Iran

Sero-epidemiology of <i>Toxocara canis</i> infection in people attending four educational and therapeutic centres in Alborz Province, Iran

Soil Contamination with Toxocara Eggs in Public Schools in Rural Areas of Southern Thailand

Automated Diagnostics: Advances in the Diagnosis of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Humans and Animals

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