Seroprevalence of Q fever in naturally infected dairy cattle herds

Taurel, Anne-Frieda; Guatteo, Raphaël R.; Joly, Alain; Seegers, Henri H.; Beaudeau, François

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.05.005

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Although our study indicates the importance of hygienic precautions in relation to personnel and equipment, Taurel et al . [8] did not find such associations in French dairy cattle.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Risk factors for Coxiella burnetii antibodies in bulk tank milk from Danish dairy herds

et al. 2013

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The aim was to identify risk factors associated with Coxiella burnetii antibody positivity in bulk tank milk (BTM) samples from 100 randomly selected Danish dairy cattle herds. Antibody levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay. Before testing the herds, the farm managers were interviewed about hired labour, biosecurity, housing and herd health during the 12 months prior to the study. Variables considered important for C. burnetii antibody positivity in multivariable logistic regression analysis included the sharing of machines between farms (OR = 3.6), human contacts (OR = 4.2), artificial insemination by other people than artificial insemination technicians (OR = 7.7), routine herd health contract with the veterinarian (OR = 4.3) and hygiene precautions taken by veterinarians (OR = 5). In addition, herd size, hired labour, trading of cattle between farms, quarantine and use of calving and disease pens also showed significant association in univariable analysis. This study demonstrates that strict biosecurity is important for the prevention of infections with C. burnetii.

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“…Although our study indicates the importance of hygienic precautions in relation to personnel and equipment, Taurel et al . [8] did not find such associations in French dairy cattle.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Risk factors for Coxiella burnetii antibodies in bulk tank milk from Danish dairy herds

et al. 2013

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“…In the present study there was a seasonal variation in antibody titer; lower in the winter (indoor/stable season) compared to the summer (outdoor/pasture season). Grazing or contact through the fence with other ruminant herds has been shown to be associated with a higher within-herd seroprevalence [27], and the level of antibodies in bulk milk has a connection to the within-herd seroprevalence, particularly as the lowest level of antibodies was associated with the lowest mean of within-herd prevalence [28]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveys on Coxiella burnetii infections in Swedish cattle, sheep, goats and moose

et al. 2014

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BackgroundQ fever is a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii. Prevalence data in ruminant species are important to support risk assessments regarding public and animal health. The aim was to investigate the presence of or exposure to C. burnetii in cattle, sheep, goats and moose, and to compare two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). National surveys of antibodies against C. burnetii were performed for dairy cattle (n=1537), dairy goats (n=58) and sheep (n=518). Bovine samples consisted of bulk milk, caprine of pooled milk, and ovine of pooled serum. Antibodies were investigated in moose samples (n=99) from three regions. A one-year regional cattle bulk milk survey was performed on the Isle of Gotland (n=119, four occasions). Cattle, sheep and goat samples were analysed with indirect ELISA and moose samples with complement fixation test. For the sheep, goat, and parts of the cattle survey, samples were run in parallel by ELISAs based on antigens from infected ruminants and ticks. Bulk milk samples from the regional cattle survey and vaginal swabs from a subset of the sheep herds (n=80) were analysed for the agent by polymerase chain reaction. Spatial clustering was investigated in the national cattle survey.ResultsThe prevalence of antibodies in dairy herds was 8.2% with large regional differences. High risk clusters were identified in the southern regions. The prevalence among dairy herds on the Isle of Gotland varied from 55.9% to 64.6% and 46.4% to 58.9.0% for antibodies and agent, respectively, overall agreement between agent and antibodies was 85.2%. The prevalence of antibodies in sheep was 0.6%, the agent was not detected the vaginal swabs. Antibodies were not detected in goats or moose, although parts of the moose samples were collected in an area with high prevalence in cattle. The overall agreement between the two ELISAs was 90.4%.ConclusionsThe prevalence of antibodies against C. burnetii in dairy cattle in Sweden shows large regional differences. The results suggest that C. burnetii is a rare pathogen among Swedish moose, dairy goat and sheep. ELISAs based on ruminant and tick antigen performed in a similar manner under Swedish conditions.

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“…The sites of chronic Coxiella burnetii infection are the uterus and the mammary glands of females [20, 24]. Moreover, heifers are less frequently infected than older animals even in infected herds [128, 129] making those a preferential group for effective vaccination programs.…”

Section: Epidemiological and Clinical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Q Fever: Current State of Knowledge and Perspectives of Research of a Neglected Zoonosis

Porter

Czaplicki²,

Mainil

et al. 2011

International Journal of Microbiology

182

201

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Q fever is an ubiquitous zoonosis caused by an resistant intracellular bacterium, Coxiella burnetii. In certain areas, Q fever can be a severe public health problem, and awareness of the disease must be promoted worldwide. Nevertheless, knowledge of Coxiella burnetii remains limited to this day. Its resistant (intracellular and environmental) and infectious properties have been poorly investigated. Further understanding of the interactions between the infected host and the bacteria is necessary. Domestic ruminants are considered as the main reservoir of bacteria. Infected animals shed highly infectious organisms in milk, feces, urine, vaginal mucus, and, very importantly, birth products. Inhalation is the main route of infection. Frequently asymptomatic in humans and animals, Q fever can cause acute or chronic infections. Financial consequences of infection can be dramatic at herd level. Vaccination with inactive whole-cell bacteria has been performed and proved effective in humans and animals. However, inactive whole-cell vaccines present several defects. Recombinant vaccines have been developed in experimental conditions and have great potential for the future. Q fever is a challenging disease for scientists as significant further investigations are necessary. Great research opportunities are available to reach a better understanding and thus a better prevention and control of the infection.

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Seroprevalence of Q fever in naturally infected dairy cattle herds

Cited by 34 publications

References 10 publications

Risk factors for Coxiella burnetii antibodies in bulk tank milk from Danish dairy herds

Risk factors for Coxiella burnetii antibodies in bulk tank milk from Danish dairy herds

Surveys on Coxiella burnetii infections in Swedish cattle, sheep, goats and moose

Q Fever: Current State of Knowledge and Perspectives of Research of a Neglected Zoonosis

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