Seroprevalence of &lt;i&gt;Toxoplasma gondii&lt;/i&gt; in Nazareth Town, Ethiopia

Negash, Tamirat Tefera; Tilahun, Getachew; Medhin, Girmay

doi:10.4314/cajm.v53i9-12.62616

Cited by 22 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…The consumption of undercooked or raw meat and contact with cat were found to be risk factors for the presence of anti- T. gondii IgG in HIV infected pre-ART individuals. Similar results were demonstrated by studies done in Nazaret town, Ethiopia [3] and at Lagos University teaching hospital, Nigeria [27]. On the other hand, no significant association was identified between the history of blood transfusion and anti- T. gondii seropositivity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Toxoplasmosis is a globally distributed zoonosis [1] caused by the ubiquitous obligatory intracellular coccidian protozoan organism, Toxoplasma gondii that infects a wide range of animals, man and birds [2,3]. T. gondii is an opportunistic parasitic infection in immune compromised hosts [4,5] and estimates indicate that up to one third of the world's human population is infected [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroprevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasmosis in HIV infected and non-infected individuals in Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia

et al. 2013

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BackgroundToxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease distributed worldwide, is an infection caused by the ubiquitous obligatory intracellular coccidian protozoan organism, Toxoplasma gondii. It is a major public health concern because the disease is serious in terms of mortality or physical and /or psychological sequellae in patients with HIV disease. The aim of the study was to assess the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies and associated risk factors in HIV infected and non-infected individuals attending Felege Hiwot referral hospital, Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted at Felege Hiwot referral hospital, Bahir Dar, Amhara National Regional State. Venous blood samples were collected from 103 HIV infected pre anti-retroviral therapy patients at Felege Hiwot referral hospital and 101 HIV negative apparently healthy voluntary blood donors at the blood bank. Serum samples were analyzed for anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies using a commercially available ELISA kit. Socio-demographic and associated risk factors for Toxoplasmosis from each individual were also obtained and the data was analyzed using SPSS version 18.ResultsOf the examined HIV seropositive individuals, 87.4% (90/103) and 10.7% (11/103) were positive for anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies, respectively. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed that anti-T. gondii seropositivity was independently significantly associated with undercooked or raw meat consumption (adjusted OR=5.73, 95% CI=1.35-24.39; P=0.02) and having contact with cat (adjusted OR= 4.29, 95% CI=1.08-16.94; P=0.04) in HIV positive individuals. In HIV negative apparently healthy blood donors, prevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies were 70.29% and 2.97% for IgG and IgM, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that undercooked or raw meat consumption (adjusted OR=6.45, 95% CI=2.16-19.28; p=0.001) and sex (OR=6.79, 95% CI=2.14-21.60; p=0.001) were independently significantly associated with anti-T. gondii IgG seropositivity, with a significantly higher number of males affected than females.ConclusionThe present findings showed a high sero-prevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies in HIV infected pre-ART and HIV non-infected apparently healthy blood donors in Bahir Dar. Consumption of undercooked or raw meat might greatly contribute towards acquiring T. gondii infection in HIV infected pre-ART and HIV non-infected apparently healthy blood donors. It may be appropriate to include routine serological screening test for determination of anti-T. gondii antibodies in HIV infected pre-ART individuals and HIV negative apparently healthy blood donors. In addition, health education towards avoiding eating undercooked and raw meat, and avoiding contact with cats were recommended.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasmosis in HIV infected and non-infected individuals in Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia

et al. 2013

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“…This finding was higher than the prevalence among the general population reported from Nazareth town, Ethiopia, in which 60% of the sampled population had evidence of T. gondii infection [9]. It was also higher than the seroprevalence reported before two decades on samples collected from different regions of Ethiopia [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The sample size was calculated using Epi Info (CDC, Atlanta, U.S.A., 2005) 6.04 statistical package. Sample size was calculated assuming the expected frequency of disease among unexposed group is 60% [9] and among population exposed 92.5% [4], 95% confidence level and 80% power, which gave us sample size of 64. After multiplying it by three for design effect and adding 10% for the anticipated non-response rate, the final sample size was calculated to be 211.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondiiand associated risk factors among pregnant women in Jimma town, Southwestern Ethiopia

et al. 2012

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“…Infected persons develop either mild flu-like illness characterised by fever, body aches, headaches and sore throat or no illness at all. People with a weakened immune system, such as those infected with HIV or pregnant women, may become seriously ill, and infection can occasionally be fatal (Lindstrom et al, 2006;Negash et al, 2008). The parasite can cause encephalitis and neurologic diseases and can affect the heart, liver and eyes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection amongst residents of Tanga District in north-east Tanzania

Swai

Schoonman²

2010

Tanzania J Hlth Res

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_______________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract: Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease, recognized as a serious public health problem worldwide. Toxoplasma gond infection has become a major public health concern in recent years due to the ravaging HIV/AIDS pandemic. A serological survey was carried out in Tanga district of north-eastern Tanzania to assess T. gond infection rates among occupationally-exposed groups including abattoir workers, livestock keepers, animal health workers and other groups. The survey was undertaken in November 2005 using modified Eiken latex agglutination test (LAT). Antibodies to T. gond were detected in 91 (46%) of the 199 individuals studied. T. gond seroprevalence was slightly higher amongst males (46.2%) than females (43.3%) although the difference was not significant (P> 0.05). Individuals, ≤20 and ≥60 years old had the highest prevalence of 60% and 61.5%, respectively. The lowest prevalence of (35.7%) was observed amongst the 50-60 years age group. The seroprevalence of toxoplasma antibodies was significantly higher amongst individuals who keep livestock (52.2%) and abattoir workers (46.3%). These results suggest exposure to T. gond infection is present among residents of Tanga district in Tanzania and strengthen further on previous findings that consumption of raw or undercooked meat and keeping pets especially cats presents more of the risk factors than occupational groups. It also emphasizes on the necessity to create awareness of this disease, and advocate protection of risky groups from exposure to infected meat and contaminated environment. _______________________________________________________________________________________

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Seroprevalence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> in Nazareth Town, Ethiopia

Cited by 22 publications

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Seroprevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasmosis in HIV infected and non-infected individuals in Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia

Seroprevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasmosis in HIV infected and non-infected individuals in Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondiiand associated risk factors among pregnant women in Jimma town, Southwestern Ethiopia

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection amongst residents of Tanga District in north-east Tanzania

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