Seroprevalence of <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> infection of dairy cows in three northern provinces of Thailand determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using recombinant antigen CpP23

Abstract

Cryptosporidium parvum is the most frequent parasitic agent that causes diarrhoea in AIDS patients in Thailand. Cryptosporidiosis outbreaks in humans may be attributed to contamination of their drinking water from infected dairy pastures. A 23-kDa glycoprotein of C. parvum (CpP23) is a sporozoite surface protein that is geographically conserved among C. parvum isolates. This glycoprotein is a potentially useful candidate antigen for the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Therefore, we investigated the seroprevalence of C. parvum infection in dairy cows in northern Thailand using an ELISA based on recombinant CpP23 antigen. Sera were randomly collected from 642 dairy cows of 42 small-holder farmers, which had the top three highest number of the dairy cows' population in Northern Thailand, that included Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai and Lumpang provinces. The overall seroprevalence of the infection was 4.4 %, and the seropositive rates for the three provinces were 3.3 % in Chiang Mai, 5.1 % in Chiang Rai and 3 % in Lumpang. These results suggest that cattle could play a role in zoonotic cryptosporidiosis in Thailand.

Serological detection and epidemiology of Neospora caninum and Cryptosporidium parvum antibodies in cattle in southern Egypt

“…This detection system is essential to identify both recent and past infections, so it is a more accurate reflection of the endemicity status of C. parvum in the study areas. The seroprevalence in cattle in Thailand was recorded as 4.4% in one study, which was the only other report for seroprevalence of anti-CpP23 antibodies in cattle (Inpankaew et al, 2009). The higher prevalence in the current study may be related to the difference in time period, location and also the environment at the sample sites.…”

“…The higher prevalence in the current study may be related to the difference in time period, location and also the environment at the sample sites. Moreover, Inpankaew et al (2009), sampled cattle in northern Thailand, including Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai and Lumpang provinces that are well known for the highest dairy cow populations in Thai regions, and subsequently these animals are expected to receive a high standard of veterinary care. More field studies are required to validate CpP23-based ELISA as a universal tool for determining seroprevalence of C. parvum in cattle and other animals, including humans.…”

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in the water resources of the Kuang River catchment, Northern Thailand

“…While we did not detect either Cryptosporidium or Giardia in faecal samples of dairy cattle at our study site, other Thai studies have (Inpankaew et al, 2010;Jittapalapong et al, 2006Jittapalapong et al, , 2011Nuchjangreed et al, 2008). In Northern Thailand, the seroprevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum infection of 642 dairy cows were 3.3%, 5.1% and 3.0% in the provinces of Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai and Lampang, respectively (Inpankaew et al, 2009).…”

Use of Recombinant CP2 and CP23 Antigens of Cryptosporidium parvum for Serodiagnosis of Human Cryptosporidiosis

“…The purified proteins were much closer to natural proteins in terms of molecular weight. In previous studies, the purified rP23 had different molecular weights, such as 43 kDa [ 13 ] , 46 kDa [ 17 ] , 23 kDa [ 18 ] , 27 kDa [ 1 ] , 37 kDa [ 11 ] , and 40 kDa [ 19 ] , which may be due to the cloning system and expression methods. The type of Tags also affected the final molecular weight of the resulting protein.…”

“…Cryptosporidium parvum is a coccidian parasite recognized as a major cause of human diarrheal disease, namely cryptosporidiosis. This parasite can infect intestinal epithelial cells and is transmitted via orofecal route [ 1 ] .…”