Seroprevalence of Lawsonia intracellularis in large pig production units

Hagen, Bernd; Bilkei, G.

doi:10.1556/avet.51.2003.2.4

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Few reports are available regarding the prevalence of L. intracellularis in finishing pigs, but a high number of serologically positive animals (84-86%) have been reported (Ohlinger et al, 2000;Pozo et al, 2002). However, the number of sero-positive animals does not necessarily correlate to the number of animals infected at the sampling occasion (Pozo et al, 2002;Hagen and Bilkei, 2003). Further, PCR inhibition is a problem in the diagnosis of faecal samples prepared directly for PCR (Lantz et al, 2000;Jacobson et al, 2004) and in the present study, one third of the samples were inhibited (here defined as the inability to detect the PCR product of 10 3 mimics included in the master mix.…”

mentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Based on the expected within‐herd prevalences calculated in the present study, at least one infected pig should be detected with a confidence level of 95% in ten samples from growing pigs with diarrhoea. Usually, growing pigs aged 6–16 weeks are considered as the most commonly affected age category (Jönsson and Martinsson, 1976; Möller et al., 1998a; McOrist et al., 2000; Hagen and Bilkei, 2003). Probably, regrouping and/or mixing of animals from different herds in the finisher unit increases the rate of transmission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Prevalences ofBrachyspiraspp. andLawsonia intracellularisin Swedish Piglet Producing Herds and Wild Boar Population

Jacobson

Löfstedt²,

Holmgren³

et al. 2005

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

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The aim of the present study was to survey the prevalences of the enteric pathogens Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, Brachyspira pilosicoli and Lawsonia intracellularis in Swedish growing pigs and in the Swedish wild boar population and to relate these findings to clinical signs. The study included 105 randomly selected herds, constituting approximately one third of Swedish herds with a herd size of >100 sows. The herds were located all over the country. In these herds, growth promoters were not used and pigs sampled were not subjected to any medication. From each herd, samples were taken from 10 growing pigs aged 8-12 weeks, corresponding to approximately 2.5% of all growing pigs present in the herd at the sampling occasion. If possible, the samples were taken from pigs with diarrhoea. Forty-eight faecal samples and 71 rectal swabs were also taken from free-living wild boars (31 piglets, 19 growers and 21 adult animals) at shooting. The samples were analysed by culture and biochemical tests for the presence of Brachyspira spp. and by nested PCR for the presence of L. intracellularis. Brachyspira hyodysenteriae was not demonstrated in any sample. Brachyspira intermedia was detected in 22 samples originating from 15 herds, Brachyspira innocens/Brachyspira murdochii was detected in 370 samples from 82 herds and B. pilosicoli was detected in 134 samples originating from 34 herds. In 21 herds and in 534 samples, no Brachyspira spp. were detected. Lawsonia intracellularis was demonstrated in 285 samples from 50 herds. Further, 418 samples from conventional herds were negative with respect to L. intracellularis and in 345 samples the PCR had been inhibited. All samples from the wild boars were negative for Brachyspira spp., 12 of 48 samples were negative for L. intracellularis, and in 36 wild boar samples, the PCR was inhibited.

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mentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalences ofBrachyspiraspp. andLawsonia intracellularisin Swedish Piglet Producing Herds and Wild Boar Population

Jacobson

Löfstedt²,

Holmgren³

et al. 2005

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

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“…IFA testing confirmed PPE. According to Hagen and Bilkei (2003) IFA has been proven to be a sensitive and specific test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various farm management factors such as movement of pigs, nutritional changes, feed antibiotic usage, temperature fluctuations, pig density, pig age, facility design, sanitation, immune status, resistance, genetic susceptibility and outdoor raising may influence the development and severity of PPE (Hagen and Bilkei 2003;Bona and Bilkei 2003). There is a biological basis to support the suggestion that positive LI sero-status of the sows is associated with lower LI titre of protective antibodies in their offspring as a result of lack of exposure and/or higher passive immunity to the organism (Winkelman 1996b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sows Seropositive to Lawsonia intracellularis (LI) Influence Performance and LI Seropositivity of their Offspring

Starek¹,

Bilkei²

2004

Acta Vet. Brno

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The aim of the study was to test, if seropositivity to L. intracellularis does decline more rapidly in the offspring of Lawsonia intracellularis (LI) positive gilts than in the offspring of LI negative gilts in units infected with endemic Porcine Proliferative Enteropathy (PPE). In a Croatian pigproduction unit late-pregnant gilts were tested by an indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) serum assay for LI. Twenty IFA-positive and 20 IFA-negative gilts were selected. Their 2-weekold piglets (191 from positive gilts, and 192 from negative gilts) were inoculated intragastrically with pure-culture of LI. These animals were tested until 25 weeks of age for seroprevalence of LI. Blood samples were collected at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 weeks of age.Seropositivity in offspring of IFA negative gilts was highest at the age of 5 weeks (85.9%) and declined gradually from week 10 to only 6.3% at week 25. At the same time, the offspring of IFA positive gilts showed lower and faster-decaying seroprevalence: 21.4% at week 5 and 0% at weeks 15, 20, and 25. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of diarrhoea between the offspring of LI seropositive and seronegative gilts. Mortality was significantly (p < 0.05) higher (20.4%) among offspring of seronegative, compared to 14.1% the offspring of seropositive gilts. Average weight gains were higher (p < 0.05, 741 ± 44g vs. 611 ± 41g⋅d -1 ) among the offspring of seropositive than among of seronegative gilts. The essence of this report is the observation that seropositivity to LI declines more rapidly in grower/finisher pigs born to LI seropositive gilts than the ones born to LI seronegative gilts in units infected with endemic PPE.

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“…15. und 19. Lebenswocheberichtet (6,10,13,14,19,25). In Freilandhaltungzeigten deutlich weniger Tiereeine Antikörperbildung alsb ei Stallhaltung.…”

Section: Diskussionunclassified

Epidemiologische Untersuchungen zum Vorkommen von Lawsonia-intracellularis-Infektionen in Schweinebeständen

Wendt¹,

Johann²,

Verspohl³

2006

Tierarztl Prax Ausg G

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Zusammenfassung: Gegenstand und Ziel: Anhand serologischer Screening-Untersuchungen in Schweinebeständen wird eine Übersicht zur Prävalenz von Lawsonia-(L.-)intracellularis-Infektionen in Deutschland gegeben. In acht Betrieben mit geschlossenem System wurde zudem in einer Querschnittsstudie der zeitliche Ablauf der Serokonversion überprüft. Der Nachweis von Lawsonien in Kot- und Darmproben aus Betrieben mit Durchfallproblematik sollte mit dem Vorkommen von Brachyspiren, Salmonellen und Escherichia (E.) coli verglichen werden. Material und Methoden: Die serologische Untersuchung von Blutproben (Herdenscreening: n = 7546 aus 694 Betrieben, Querschnittsstudie: n = 936 aus acht Betrieben) auf Antikörper gegen L. intracellularissowie der Nachweis von L. intracellularisaus Kot- und Darmproben (n = 826 aus 403 Betrieben) erfolgte mittels indirektem Immunfluoreszenztest. Der Nachweis von Brachyspiren, Salmonellen und E. coli wurde mithilfe kultureller Verfahren durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: Serologisch positive Reagenten ergaben sich bei 43,2% der Blutproben und bei 81,3% der untersuchten Bestände. Sauen haltende Bestände und reine Mastbetriebe waren häufiger seropositiv als Ferkelaufzuchtbetriebe mit und ohne Mast. Antikörper gegen L. intracellularis fanden sich ähnlich häufig in Herden mit klinischer Symptomatik einer porzinen proliferativen Enteropathie (PPE) wie in Herden ohne oder mit anderen klinischen Erkrankungen. Die Querschnittsuntersuchung ergab, dass erste Reagenten schon zur 10. Lebenswoche auftreten, der Hauptanteil jedoch zwischen der 13. und 16. Lebenswoche. Die bakteriologischen Untersuchungen belegen, dass in Beständen mit Durchfallproblematik hämolysierende E. coli(48,4%) und L. intracellularis (33,7%) wesentlich häufiger nachweisbar sind als B. hyodysenteriae (21,1%), Salmonellen (17,3%) oder B. pilosicoli (2,5%). Mischinfektionen von B. hyodysenteriae (3,5%), B. pilosicoli (1,0%) oder Salmonellen (5,6%) zusammen mit L. intracellularis waren selten. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Die sehr weite Verbreitung von L. intracellularis in Deutschland in klinisch unauffälligen Herden wie auch in Beständen mit Durchfall- und Kümmererproblematik erfordert eine gezielte Diagnostik zum Ausschluss anderer Durchfallerreger.

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Seroprevalence of Lawsonia intracellularis in large pig production units

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

The Prevalences ofBrachyspiraspp. andLawsonia intracellularisin Swedish Piglet Producing Herds and Wild Boar Population

The Prevalences ofBrachyspiraspp. andLawsonia intracellularisin Swedish Piglet Producing Herds and Wild Boar Population

Sows Seropositive to Lawsonia intracellularis (LI) Influence Performance and LI Seropositivity of their Offspring

Epidemiologische Untersuchungen zum Vorkommen von Lawsonia-intracellularis-Infektionen in Schweinebeständen

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