Seroprevalence of IgM Antibodies to Dengue Fever Virus among Patients Presenting with Symptoms of Fever in Some Hospitals in Kaduna State, Nigeria

doi:10.21275/v5i3.nov162015

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…Of the 956 dengue-suspected patients examined in this study, we found 118 dengue positive cases. The number of males and females infected was equal, contrasting the results of earlier reports, where female preponderance was observed (16)(17)(18)(19). This observation also contrasts with other studies that found a higher rate of dengue infection among males (20)(21)(22).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

Dengue fever outbreak in Puntland State, Somalia, November 2022-May 2023

Jama,

Abshir,

Jama

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Dengue infection is a mosquito-borne, endemic viral disease, particularly in developing countries. Here, we report the results of the clinicodemographic, serologic profile, and monthly occurrence of a recent dengue fever outbreak in Puntland State (Somalia). We analyzed the data of 956 dengue-suspected patients who were investigated using the rapid diagnostic testing (RDTs) method for detecting NS1 (dengue virus non-structural protein) and IgM antibodies employing the SD Biosensor Dengue Dou NS Ag and IgM test kit (Germany) at the Puntland Public Health Referral Laboratory in the period from November 21, 2022, to May 27, 2023. We found that 118 cases were positive for dengue among the suspected patients enrolled in the present study. Of these cases, 86.4% were dengue NSI positive, and 23.7% were dengue IgM positive. The number of females and males in the confirmed cases was equal, and most (48.3%) were aged 20 years or less. 43.1% of them lived in the Nugal region, particularly in Garowe. Clinically, fever was the most frequent symptom (88.9%). The cases peaked in December 2022 but dropped from January to March, with a slight rise in February, and then increased in April and May 2023. We recommend improving vector control measures, strengthening dengue surveillance, developing an early warning system, and future studies to characterize the circulating strains.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

Dengue fever outbreak in Puntland State, Somalia, November 2022-May 2023

Jama,

Abshir,

Jama

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Again, in India, [15] the seroprevalence was 24.9% among febrile patients of which males were twice more affected than females. A higher female than male seroprevalence was however reported in Nigeria [16] [17], which was also similar to this study. The variability in gender prevalence could be ascribed to exposure to Aedes aegypti due to occupational differences that might affect their exposure time to the mosquitoes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Seroprevalence of Dengue Viral Infection among Adults Attending the University of Cape Coast Hospital

Aniakwaa-Bonsu¹,

Amoako-Sakyi²,

Dankwa³

et al. 2021

AID

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Introduction: Most febrile illnesses in Ghana are often misdiagnosed and presumptively treated as malaria. This situation may be due to the inappropriate diagnostic tool, clinical oversight and lack of awareness of some of the disease conditions that might have been present in the country. This study sought to investigate the seroprevalence of dengue virus, geographical location of participants with circulating antibodies and finally evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a Rapid diagnostic kit (RDT) using Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) as a gold standard for confirmation. Method: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adults (≥18) attending the University of Cape Coast Hospital. From each participant, 3-4 ml of venous blood was drawn and serum was tested for IgG and IgM using RDT methods. Positive samples were selected for ELISA confirmation. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (v.20) and STATA (v.14) software. Results: A total of 270 participants were enrolled in the study. The geometric mean age was 32 years. Overall, Dengue virus (DENV) IgG seroprevalence by RDT was 10 (3.7%). Seroprevalence of IgG and IgM by the ELISA method was 34 (12.6%) and 6 (2.2%) respectively. Females recorded a high seroprevalence (7.4%) than males (5.2%) in terms of past exposure (IgG). On current exposure (IgM), females recorded a high seroprevalence (1.5%) than males (0.7%). Seroprevalence of individuals with dual positivity ((IgG + IgM+) (acute secondary infection) was 1.9%. Those with primary and recent infection (IgM+ only) were 0.4% whiles those with past and probably secondary infection (IgG+ only) were 10.7%. The odds of dengue exposure were significantly high among participants with ages 50-59 as compared to their other counterparts (AOR = 3.5, p = 0.03).

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“…When symptomatic, exposure to alphavirus or flavivirus infections often exhibits as a self-limiting, acute febrile illness with a wide range of mild to severe symptoms. These symptoms, many which mimic malaria, may include fever, joint pain, joint swelling, headache, muscular pain, rash, and mild bleeding [ 14 , 15 ]. In Nigeria, malaria parasites transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes have been previously reported to be co-circulating with arboviruses, with many infected individuals presenting co-infection of malaria parasites ( Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax) with an arboviral infection [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nigeria is endemic for many arboviruses, including DENV, CHIKV, WNV, yellow fever virus (YFV), and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV); however, many outbreaks go undocumented, and the true burden of endemicity remains undetermined due to lack of systematic studies, limited data, insufficient diagnostic capabilities, and misdiagnosis as malaria [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 21 , 22 ]. The goal of the present study is to further the understanding of the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with flavivirus and alphavirus infections among individuals from three major population centers in Nigeria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Retrospective Study of the Seroprevalence of Dengue Virus and Chikungunya Virus Exposures in Nigeria, 2010–2018

et al. 2022

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Arboviruses are important public health threats in many regions of the world. Nigeria has experienced outbreaks of arboviruses over the past decades, leading to concerns of widespread endemicity, which are frequently misdiagnosed. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of dengue virus (DENV) (a flavivirus) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) (an alphavirus) infections in three major population centers of Nigeria. A convenience sample of 701 sera was collected from both healthy and febrile participants between August 2010 and March 2018. Sera were tested for prior exposure to CHIKV virus and DENV using indirect IgG ELISA. Results showed that 54.1% (379/701) of participants were seropositive for anti-DENV antibodies, 41.3% (290/701) were seropositive for anti-CHIKV antibodies, and 20.1% (141/701) had previous exposure to both. The seropositivity for prior CHIKV exposure and prior exposure to DENV and CHIKV was significantly associated with age (CHIKV: OR = 2.7 (95% CI: 1.7–4.3); DENV and CHIKV: OR = 2.2 (95% CI: 1.2–4.0) for adults compared to participants under 18 years old). Overall, the high seropositivity across all age groups suggests that arboviral infections are prevalent in Nigeria and indicates that surveillance and further epidemiological studies are required to determine the true burden of these infections and the spectrum of diseases associated with these exposures.

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Seroprevalence of IgM Antibodies to Dengue Fever Virus among Patients Presenting with Symptoms of Fever in Some Hospitals in Kaduna State, Nigeria

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Dengue fever outbreak in Puntland State, Somalia, November 2022-May 2023

Dengue fever outbreak in Puntland State, Somalia, November 2022-May 2023

Seroprevalence of Dengue Viral Infection among Adults Attending the University of Cape Coast Hospital

A Retrospective Study of the Seroprevalence of Dengue Virus and Chikungunya Virus Exposures in Nigeria, 2010–2018

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