Seroprevalence of <i>Theileria equi</i> and <i>Babesia caballi</i> in horses in Spain

Cortés, M.G. Montes; Fernández-García, José Luis; Martínez-Estéllez, Miguel Ángel Habela

doi:10.1051/parasite/2017015

Cited by 28 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 87 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In accordance with our study, other researchers [20,21] found no correlation between age and T. equi seropositivity. Contrary to these results, other investigations revealed that older animals were more likely to be seropositive for T. equi [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Gender as a risk factor varied even more among study results, with some studies stating that females were more commonly infected, while other studies stated the opposite [26,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Seroprevalence of Anti-Theileria equi Antibodies in Horses from Three Geographically Distinct Areas of Romania

Giubega¹,

Ilie²,

Luca³

et al. 2022

Pathogens

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Equine piroplasmosis (EP) is an endemic tick-borne disease found in most countries around the world. It affects all species of Equidae, and it is caused by Theileria equi, Babesia caballi and T. haneyi. The research herein is the second study on the prevalence of piroplasms in Romania conducted in the past two decades. The aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of anti-Theileria equi antibodies and the geographical distribution of this disease in the southwest, west, and northwest regions of Romania in order to obtain a more thorough understanding of the parasitological status of horses in this country. This study included 522 apparently healthy, mixed-breed horses from three different counties. The serum samples were analysed using the cELISA Theileria equi Antibody Test Kit. The overall seroprevalence rate was 12.84%. From the total number of positive horses, 13.96% were females and 11.21% were males. Based on the distribution of positive cases into age groups, the following values were obtained: 0–60 months: 16.26%, 60–180 months: 10.03%, and >180 months: 15.83%. There was no statistically significant difference between samples, based on age or gender. The positivity percentage in the localities included in the study ranged from 8.33 to 100%. In the population under study, the seroprevalence rate was high, indicating a possible exposure risk in this area of Romania, which could have severe effects on equids in the case of clinical manifestations of the disease. EP represents a serious threat for equine health in Romania; therefore, close and continuous monitoring of the situation is required.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Seroprevalence of Anti-Theileria equi Antibodies in Horses from Three Geographically Distinct Areas of Romania

Giubega¹,

Ilie²,

Luca³

et al. 2022

Pathogens

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Notably, when significant, the difference in prevalence and seroprevalence between males and females was usually considered to be related to management practices that differ according to gender. Other individual variables such as equid species or breeds have been studied and found to be significantly associated with EP serological status, but not with parasitaemia (Bartolomé Del Pino et al., 2016; Camino, Buendia, et al., 2021; Guidi et al., 2015; Kouam et al., 2010; Montes Cortes et al., 2017; Moretti et al., 2010). For example, one study found donkeys and mules to be more frequently seropositive for B. caballi than horses (García‐Bocanegra et al., 2013), and another study found the Camargue breed to be positively associated with seropositivity for T. equi compared with other breeds (Guidi et al., 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, a few studies did not find age to be significantly associated with seropositivity for T. equi (Grandi et al., 2011; Padalino et al., 2019; Ribeiro et al., 2013). However, the majority of studies found the association to be significant, with older animals being more frequently seropositive for T. equi (Bartolomé Del Pino et al., 2016; Camino et al., 2021; Camino et al., 2018; García‐Bocanegra et al., 2013; Guidi et al., 2015; Kouam et al., 2010; Montes Cortes et al., 2017, 2019; Papini et al., 2016; Zanet et al., 2017). Results also diverged between studies on T. equi parasitaemia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Factors Of Equine Piroplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Eco‐epidemiology of equine piroplasmosis and its associated tick vectors in Europe: A systematic literature review and a meta‐analysis of prevalence

Nadal

Bonnet

Marsot

2021

Transbounding Emerging Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

When studying a vector-borne disease, an eco-epidemiological approach is vital for a comprehensive understanding of how the pathogen circulates amongst populations.Equine piroplasmosis (EP), a tick-borne disease caused by the protozoans Babesia caballi and Theileria equi, is endemic in the Mediterranean basin of Europe and causes both animal health and economic issues for the equine sector. With no vaccine available, defining the episystem of the disease can help to identify which components of the host-pathogen-vector-environment system to target to improve preventive measures. In this systematic literature review, we collected relevant data on the ecoepidemiology of EP in Europe. The 62 studies remaining after the selection procedure explored potential vectors, indicators of parasite circulation and putative risk factors of EP. Eight hard tick species were identified as potential vectors of one or both piroplasm species. Meta-analyses were then conducted on prevalence and seroprevalence data in equids in European countries, demonstrating an estimated seroprevalence of 30% and 8% and prevalence of 25% and 2% for T. equi and B. caballi, respectively. Finally, herd management practices and environmental risk factors analysed in studies showed no real consensus between studies, but revealed a general trend highlighting age and exposure to ticks as risk factors, and vaccination as a protective factor. Through this study, we point out that only a few studies have focused on disease management practices and even fewer have studied the effect of environmental parameters on equid infections. Further investigation in these areas is required to better characterize the eco-epidemiology of EP and risk factors associated with this disease.

show abstract

“…A possible explanation for the low detection of B. caballi in this study may be associated with genetic diversity between the rap-1 genes of the Nigerian B. caballi isolate and the isolate used for the currently available RAP-1-cELISA and rap-1-PCR. Recent epidemiological evidence reported discordance in the sequence conservation between B. caballi isolates from Egypt [ 35 ], Israel [ 36 ], South Africa [ 37 ], and Spain [ 38 ] and the epitope used as the antibody recognition site in the OIE-approved B. caballi RAP-1-cELISA [ 23 , 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Serological Detection of Piroplasms in Horses from Nigeria

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Equine piroplasmosis, an economically important disease of equids caused by the hemoprotozoan parasites Theileria equi, T. haneyi, and Babesia caballi, has a worldwide distribution. These parasites are transmitted by ixodid ticks. To improve the detection of horses in Nigeria exposed to piroplasm parasites, 72 horses with variable clinical signs of piroplasmosis were sampled from Northwest and Northcentral Nigeria and tested by nPCR and cELISA. Blood and serum samples were collected from each horse via jugular venesection. Individually, nPCR or cELISA failed to identify all horses exposed to piroplasms. A combination of species-specific nPCR and the OIE-approved T. equi and B. caballi cELISAs enhanced the detection of horses exposed to parasites. The results also demonstrated horses showing abnormal hematology were positive for only T. equi, except for one sample that was coinfected with T. equi and T. haneyi. We also identified ticks collected from some of the horses, with Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi being the most prevalent. This study shows that a larger proportion of horses in the sample set were exposed to T. equi than B. caballi or T. haneyi. Additionally, ticks that have been previously reported as potential vectors for these parasites were found to have infested sampled horses. Further studies are needed to investigate which tick species are competent vectors for Theileria spp. and Babesia caballi in Nigeria.

show abstract

Seroprevalence of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in horses in Spain

Cited by 28 publications

References 87 publications

Seroprevalence of Anti-Theileria equi Antibodies in Horses from Three Geographically Distinct Areas of Romania

Seroprevalence of Anti-Theileria equi Antibodies in Horses from Three Geographically Distinct Areas of Romania

Eco‐epidemiology of equine piroplasmosis and its associated tick vectors in Europe: A systematic literature review and a meta‐analysis of prevalence

Molecular and Serological Detection of Piroplasms in Horses from Nigeria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About